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http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.7.445

Effect of Phenolic Mediators and Humic Acid on the Removal of 1-Indanone Using Manganese Oxide  

Choi, Chan-Kyu (Department of Energy and Environment, The Graduate School of Energy and Environment, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
Eom, Won-Suk (Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
Shin, Hyun-Sang (Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers / v.34, no.7, 2012 , pp. 445-453 More about this Journal
Abstract
An investigation for removal of 1-indanone (1-ID), which were commonly produced from the biological and/or chemical treatment and natural weathering of the PAHs-contaminated soils, via oxidative transformation mediated by birnessite in the presence of various phenolic mediators is described. This study also examines the potential effect of the natural occurring substance humic acid (HA) on the oxidative transformation. The experiment was carried out in aqueous phase as a batch test (10 mg/L 1-ID, 0.3 mM phenolic mediators, $1.0g/L\;{\delta}-MnO_2$, at pH 5). All of the 11 tested phenoilic mediators belong to the group of natural occurring phenols and are widely used as model constituents of humic substances. From the results of HPLC analysis, it is demonstrated that 1-ID was not reactive to birnessite itself, but it can be effectively removed in birnessite-mediated cross coupling reactions in the presence of the phenolic mediators. The percent removals of 1-ID after 2 day incubation were ranged from 9.2 to 71.2% depending on the phenolic mediators applied. The initial rate constant ($K_{int}$, $hr^{-1}$) values for the 1-ID removals obtained from the pseudo-first-order kinetic plots also widely ranged from 0.18 to 15.0. Results of the correlative analysis between the removal efficiencies and structural characteristics of phenolic mediators indicate that the transformation of the 1-ID was considerably enhanced by the addition of electron-donating substituents (e.g., -OH, $-OCH_3$) at the benzne ring, and much less enhanced by the addition of electron-withdrawing substituents (e.g., -COOH, -CHO). The presence of HA showed that removal efficiencies of 1-ID in the birnessite-phenolic mediator systems decreased with increasing HA concentrations. However at low concentration of HA (< 2 mg/L), it caused some enhancement in the removals of 1-ID as compared to the control.
Keywords
1-Indanone; Birnessite; Cross Coupling; Phenolic Mediators; Humic Acid;
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