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http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.2.109

Human Risk Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers by Breast Milk Feeding of Infants  

We, Sung-Ug (Department of Urban Environmental Engineering, Kyungnam University)
Cho, Bong-Hui (Department of Urban Environmental Engineering, Kyungnam University)
Cho, Yu-Jin (Kyungnam Environmental Toxicology Reserch Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology)
Yoon, Cho-Hee (Department of Urban Environmental Engineering, Kyungnam University)
Choi, Shi-Nai (Division of Environmental Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University)
Min, Byung-Yun (Department of Urban Environmental Engineering, Kyungnam University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers / v.34, no.2, 2012 , pp. 109-118 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study achieves results from 22 maternity breast milk samples in total to demonstrate exposure level and risk assessment of PBDEs in Seoul area. PBDEs were detected in all the breast milk samples of the present study, indicating that general population in these Seoul area are widely exposed to these chemicals. Residue levels of total PBDEs (sum PBDEs from tri- to hepta-BDE) ranged of 0.84~13.1 ng/g lipid with an arithmetic mean and median of 3.56 ng/g lipid and 2.6 ng/g lipid, respectively. Global comparison shows that the levels of total PBDEs were relatively similar to those of China, Taiwan and European country (Sweden), and somewhat higher than those in some Asian (Vietnam, Philippines, and Indonesia). In the present study, however, the levels of total PBDEs in human milk are still one to two orders of magnitude lower than those in North America. Contribution rate of each congener appeared to be predominant with BDE-47, followed by BDE-153, BDE-100, BDE-99, BDE-154 and BDE-183. The sum of BDE-47 and BDE-153 accounted for more than 65% of total PBDEs in most samples. From the result of the human risk assessment of infants for total PBDEs and BDE-47 by breast milk feeding, we could find out that the average daily doses and hazard index (95th percentile) were 16.5 ng/kg bw/day and $1.2{\times}10^{-1}$ each other when nursing for 6 months after infants born. However, it was concluded that the infant health hardly had adverse seriously effects under this research condition.
Keywords
PBDEs; Breast Milk; Body Burden; Human Risk Assessment;
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