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http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.1.063

Ecotoxicity Studies of Photoactive Nanoparticles Exposed to Ultraviolet Light  

Kim, Shin-Woong (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
Lee, Woo-Mi (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
Shin, Yu-Jin (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
An, Youn-Joo (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers / v.34, no.1, 2012 , pp. 63-71 More about this Journal
Abstract
As nanotechnology is a key industry, there is growing concern relating to the potential risk of nanoparticles. They are known to be released into the environment via various exposure routes. When nanoparticles are present in water environments, they are supposed to be illuminated by ultraviolet light, and the ecotoxicity of photoactive nanoparticles may be changed. In this study, a review of the ecotoxicity of photoactive nanoparticles, including the mechanisms of phototoxicity, are presented. In order to address this issue, studies on the ecotoxicity to soil and water organisms exposed to photoactive nanoparticles were investigated. The photoactive nanoparticles chosen for this study were zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and fullerene. Microorganisms, nematode, earthworm, algae and fish, etc., were chosen to assess the toxicity of nanoparticles using diverse methods. However, studies on the phototoxicity potentially induced by nanoparticles on UV illumination have been reviewed in only 8 studies. From a few studies, photoactive nanoparticles have shown high dissolution rates under UV conditions, with the released ions observed to profoundly influence test organisms. In addition, NPs exposed to UV produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS can induce oxidative stress in exposed organisms. Evidence of phototoxicity by nanoparticles were found based on previous studies.
Keywords
UV; Ecotoxicity; Nanoparticle; Photoactive; Phototoxicity;
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