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Removal of Fluoride Using Thermally Treated Activated Alumina  

Park, Seong-Jik (Environmental Biocolloid Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University)
Kim, Jae-Hyeon (Environmental Biocolloid Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University)
Lee, Chang-Gu (Environmental Biocolloid Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University)
Park, Jeong-Ann (Environmental Biocolloid Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University)
Choi, Nag-Choul (Environmental Biocolloid Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University)
Kim, Song-Bae (Department of Rural Systems Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers / v.32, no.10, 2010 , pp. 986-993 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, sorption characteristics of thermally treated activated alumina (AA) for fluoride were investigated. Sorption experiments have been conducted in equilibrium and kinetic batch conditions. Also, effects of solution pH and anions on fluoride removal have been observed. The properties of thermally treated ( $700^{\circ}C$) activated alumina (AA700) and untreated activated alumina (UAA) were compared using field-emission scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. From the experiments using AA thermally treated at different temperatures (100, 300, 500, $700^{\circ}C$), it was found that at high fluoride concentrations (50, 100, 200 mg/L) the sorption capacity of thermally treated AA increased with increasing thermal treatment temperature. At an initial fluoride concentration of 200 mg/L, the sorption capacity of AA700 was 3.67 times greater than that of UAA. The BET analysis showed that the specific surface area of UAA was about 2 times larger than that of AA700. The XRD analysis indicated that UAA was composed of both boehmite (AlOOH) and bayerite ($Al(OH)_3$) while AA700 was $Al_2O_3$. The reason that fluoride sorption capacity of AA700 increased despite of decrease in specific surface area compared to UAA could be attributed to the change of crystal structure. The kinetic sorption test showed that fluoride sorption to AA700 arrived at equilibrium after 24 h. The equilibrium test demonstrated that the maximum sorption capacity of AA700 was 5.70 mg/g. Additional batch experiments indicated that fluoride sorption to AA700 was the highest at pH 7, decreasing at both acidic and basic solution pHs. Also, fluoride sorption to AA700 decreased in the presence of anions such as phosphate, nitrate, and carbonate. This study demonstrated that thermal treatment of AA at high temperature could increase its sorption capacity for fluoride.
Keywords
Fluoride; Activated Alumina; Thermal Treatment; Sorption; Batch Test;
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