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Water Flow Distribution and Sedimentation Characteristics of Particle Materials in the Sihwa Constructed Wetland  

Choi, Dong-Ho (Kumho Engineering & Construction, Institute of Construction Technology)
Choi, Kwang-Soon (Korea Water Resources Corporation, Lake Sihwa Environmental Research Center)
Kim, Sea-Won (Korea Water Resources Corporation, Lake Sihwa Environmental Research Center)
Oh, Young-Taek (Korea Water Resources Corporation, Lake Sihwa Environmental Research Center)
Kim, Dong-Sup (Korea Water Resources Corporation, Lake Sihwa Environmental Research Center)
Joh, Seong-Ju (Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering)
Park, Je-Chul (Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers / v.29, no.4, 2007 , pp. 425-437 More about this Journal
Abstract
Flow distribution of water and sedimentation rate were investigated to understand the hydrodynamics and settling characteristics of particulate materials in a constructed wetland for treatment of non-point sources pollutants, the Sihwa constructed wetland, Korea. The Sihwa constructed wetland is divided into three sub-wetlands(the Banwol, the Donghwa and the Samhwa wetlands) to treat the polluted water from three streams, the Banwol stream, the Donghwa stream and the Samhwa stream. From the results of water flow experiment using dye(Rhodamine 50WT Red), it was found that the water flow in the wetland was prevailing at the waterway and open water. Dye was spread slowly in the closed water area planted by plants. The mean hydraulic retention time(HRT) at the upper area of high wetland and lower wetland of Banwol, was found to be 34.1 hr at the upper area and 74.6 hr at the lower area respectively, totaling approximately 108.7 hr(4.5 days). The sedimentation rate was higher at lower area(sites of B, C and D) of the wetland than upper area(site of A which is settling zone). Based on the forecast for 20 years as to the amount of sediment that can be deposited in the open water in the future, the sediment depth of each area would be like this: A: 6.3 cm, B: 8.3 cm, C: 7.0 cm, D: 9.5 cm. The contents of organic materials in the sediment deposited within the sediment trap were found to be higher overly in the first investigation period which had much rainfall, and B, C and D areas were found to have an increased COD accumulation than A area. Also, nitrogen and phosphorus were found to increase in the down-stream of the wetland. The results of this study suggest that a sustainable research and management for the characteristics of water flow pattern and sedimentation changeable as time passes is needs to maintain or improve the efficiency of water treatment in the constructed wetland.
Keywords
Constructed Wetland; Flow Pattern; Tracer Test; Sedimentation Rate;
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