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Analysis on the Microbial Community Structure of Red Granule in the Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Reactor  

Bae, Hyo-Kwan (Environment & Process Technology Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Park, Kyung-Soon (Environment & Process Technology Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Chung, Yun-Chul (Environment & Process Technology Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Jung, Jin-Young (Environment & Process Technology Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers / v.28, no.10, 2006 , pp. 1055-1064 More about this Journal
Abstract
Extremely slow growing anammox(anaerobic ammonium oxidation) bacteria were cultivated using a combination of UASB(Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor seeded with anaerobic granular sludge and carbon-fiber cultivating reactor. After 180 days of continuous cultivation, average nitrogen removal rate showed 0.54 kg $N/m^3-day$ when 0.6 kg $N/m^3-day$ of nitrogen loading was applied. The black granule was changed to brown and red granule as continuous operation, and the red granule was highly dependant on the high anammox activity. Microbial community structure of red granule in the UASB reactor was analyzed by molecular methods such as gene cloning, phylogenetic tree analysis, and FISH(Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) method. As a result of gene cloning and phylogenetic tree analysis, 5 kinds of phylum were found to be Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chlorobi and Chloroflexi. 13 clones were matched to anammox bacteria among 51 clones in the red anammox granule. In-silico test which used cloning information and FISH probe of the AMX368 was conducted to detect the presence of anammox bacteria in the red anammox granule. As a result of in-silico test only one clone was exactly matched to AMX368 but 11 clones was mutated one base among 18 bases representing all 12 clones are anammox bacteria. A filamentous Chloroflexi might be related to the granulation of anammox bacteria. As a result of FISH analysis, anammox bacteria was abundant in the red anammox granule.
Keywords
Anammox; Anammox UASB Reactor; Red Granule Sludge; Clone Library; Phylogenetic Tree; FISH;
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