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A Study on the Degradation of Parathion and Reduction of Acute Toxicity in Solar $TiO_2$ Photocatalysis  

Kim, Tak-Soo (Institute of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Kim, Jung-Kon (Institute of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Choi, Kyung-Ho (Institute of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Zoh, Kyung-Duk (Institute of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
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Abstract
The photocatalytic degradation of methyl parathion was carried out using a circulating $TiO_2$/solar system. Under the photocatalytic condition, parathion was more effectively degraded than by the photolysis or $TiO_2$ only condition. The parathion degradation followed pseudo first-order kinetics. With photocatalysis, 10 mg/L parathion was completely degraded within 90 min with a TOC decrease exceeding 63% after 150 min. The nitrogen from parathion was recovered mainly as ${NO_2}^-$, ${NO_3}^-$, and ${NH_4}^+$, 80% of sulfur as ${SO_4}^{2-}$, and less than 5% of phosphorus as ${PO_4}^{3-}$ during photocatalysis. The organic intermediates 4-nitrophenol and paraoxon were also identified, and these were further degraded. Two different bioassays using V. fischeri and D. magna were employed to measure the toxicity reduction in the solutions treated by both photocatalysis and photolysis. Relative toxicity was reduced almost completely after 150 min in both organisms under the photocatalysis, whereas in photolysis, 76 and 57% reduction was achieved for V. fischeri and D. magna, respectively. The acute toxicity reduction pattern corresponded with the decrease in parathion and TOC concentrations.
Keywords
Methyl Parathion; Photocatalysis; Photolysis; Acute Toxicity; V. fischeri; D. magna;
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