Optimization of Ultrafiltration Process using +Coagulation Process

In this study, pretreatment of organic matters with $MIEX^{(R)}$ was evaluated using bench-scale experimental procedures on four organic matters to determine its effect on subsequent UF membrane filtration. For comparison, coagulation process was also used as a pretreatment of UF membrane filtration. Moreover, the membrane fouling potential was identified using different fractions and molecular weights of organic matters. From the removal property of MW organic matters by coagulation process for the sample water NOM and AOM, the removal efficiency of high MW organic matters were much higher than those of low MW organic matters. It was shown that the removal efficiency of high MW organic matter more than 10 kDa was lower than that of low MW organic matter for $MIEX^{(R)}$ process. For the change of permeate flux by the pretreatment process, $MIEX^{(R)}$+UF process showed high removal efficiency of organic matter as compared with coagulation-UF processes, but high reduction rate of permeate flux was presented through the reduction of removal efficiency of high MW organic matter. From sequential filtration test results in order to examine the effect of MW of organic matter on membrane fouling, it was found that the membrane foulant was occurred by high MW organic matter, and the DOC of organic matter less than 0.5 mg/L was working as the membrane foulant. In the case of sample water composed of low MW organic matter less than 10 kDa, since the low MW organic matter less than 10 kDa has high removal efficiency by $MIEX^{(R)}$, low reduction rate of permeate flux is obtained as compared with coagulation-UF processes. In summary, it is required to conduct the research on physical/chemical characteristic of original water before pretreatment process of membrane process is selected, and a pertinent pre-treatment process should be employed based on the physical/chemical characteristic of original water.

+응집공정을 이용한 한외여과 공정의 최적화 : 다양한 전처리 공정의 적용에 따른 막 오염 현상 규명

전처리 공정에 따른 투과 flux 변화를 살펴보면 $MIEX^{(R)}$+UF 공정의 경우 응집+UF 공정에 비하여 높은 유기물 제거율을 나타내었으나 투과 flux 감소는 크게 나타났다. 따라서, 막 오염을 자세하게 규명하기 위하여 sequential filtration 실험결과 막 오염물질은 고분자 유기물질로 나타났으며, DOC 0.5 mg/L 이하의 유기물질이 막 오염 유발물질로 작용하고 있었다. 10 kDa 이하의 저분자 유기물질들은 $MIEX^{(R)}$ 처리에 의해 제거가 용이하여 막 표면에서 유기물 부하를 감소시켜 이로 인해 응집+UF공정에 비하여 투과 flux 감소율이 낮게 나타났다. $MIEX^{(R)}$+UF공정은 입자상 물질의 존재 유무에 관계없이 flux 감소율은 거의 유사한 경향을 보였으나 응집+UF공정은 용존성 유기물질만이 존재하는 시수에 비하여 입자상 물질이 존재하는 경우에 투과 flux 감소가 더 낮게 나타났다.