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Effects of Salts and Acid Solutions on the Weathering of Granite  

Shon, Byung-Hyun (Department of Environmental Engineering, Hanseo University)
Jung, Jong-Hyeon (Division of Biotechnology & Health, Serobal College)
Kim, Hyun-Gyu (Department of Chemical Engineering/Institute of Environmental and Energy Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH))
Yoo, Jeong-Gun (Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanseo University)
Lee, Hyung-Kun (Clean Energy Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research)
Publication Information
Abstract
Because the stone cultural properties located outdoors, they have been altered and deteriorated in external appearance due to environmental factors such as acid rain, extreme change in temperature, and salts. Damage to stone cultural properties is accelerated particularly due to recent industrial development and environmental pollution. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effect of environmental contaminants on the weathering of granite. And as part of the developing of conservation method, $TiO_2$ catalyst was prepared and tested. When fresh granite was dipped into the salt and acid solutions, dissolution rate of eight minerals (Si, Mg, Ca, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Al) are abruptly increased at initial stage of reaction and then increased steadily until 100 cycles. After salt and acid solution experiments, the mineral compositions of the granite surface were lower then that of the fresh granite and density of the weathered granite was steadily decreased from $2.60\;g/cm^3$ to $2.56\;g/cm^3$, but Poissions ratio and absorption ratio were slightly increased. It was expected at stone cultural assets could be weathered by salts and acid rain. In the case of $TiO_2$ was coated to the granite, the dissolution rate of minerals and absorption ratio of $TiO_2$ coated granite were decreased. Therefore, the $TiO_2$ coating method tested in this study considered to be a viable method to assist in the conservation of stone cultural properties from environmental contaminants.
Keywords
Absorption Ratio; Stone Cultural Properties; $TiO_2$ Coating; Salt and Acid Solutions; Dissolution Rate; Granite;
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