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Transit Frequency Optimization with Variable Demand Considering Transfer Delay  

Yu, Gyeong-Sang (서울대학교 건설환경종합연구소)
Kim, Dong-Gyu (서울대학교 건설환경공학부 BK21)
Jeon, Gyeong-Su (서울대학교 건설환경공학부)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Transportation / v.27, no.6, 2009 , pp. 147-156 More about this Journal
Abstract
We present a methodology for modeling and solving the transit frequency design problem with variable demand. The problem is described as a bi-level model based on a non-cooperative Stackelberg game. The upper-level operator problem is formulated as a non-linear optimization model to minimize net cost, which includes operating cost, travel cost and revenue, with fleet size and frequency constraints. The lower-level user problem is formulated as a capacity-constrained stochastic user equilibrium assignment model with variable demand, considering transfer delay between transit lines. An efficient algorithm is also presented for solving the proposed model. The upper-level model is solved by a gradient projection method, and the lower-level model is solved by an existing iterative balancing method. An application of the proposed model and algorithm is presented using a small test network. The results of this application show that the proposed algorithm converges well to an optimal point. The methodology of this study is expected to contribute to form a theoretical basis for diagnosing the problems of current transit systems and for improving its operational efficiency to increase the demand as well as the level of service.
Keywords
transit network; frequency design; bi-level; variable demand; transfer delay; fleet size constraint; gradient projection;
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