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A Microscopic Analysis on the Shapes of Fundamental Diagram Using Time Gap  

Kim, Tae-Wan (중앙대학교 도시공학과)
Kim, Sang-Gu (여수대학교 교통공학)
Kim, Young-Ho (영산대학교 네트워크정보공학부)
Son, Young-Tae (명지대학교 교통공학과)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Transportation / v.22, no.3, 2004 , pp. 95-105 More about this Journal
Abstract
The fundamental diagram is a important element in a variety of transportation studies. While various shapes of the fundamental diagram have been proposed and numerous debates on the best-fit fundamental diagram have been made, the reason why the fundamental diagram has many different shapes has not been well explained. This study introduces time sap as a key parameter to understand drivers' behavioral differences at different locations and traffic conditions, then relate to the shape of the fundamental diagram. From the freeway event detector data, it is shown that time gap follows a certain probabilistic distribution and its mean value varies along locations. It also turns out that drivers take different time gaps for different travel speeds. Three different types of time gap-speed diagrams are identified and matched to Greenberg, reversed-lambda, and inverted-V types of fundamental diagrams, respectively. This study explains the characteristics of fundamental diagrams using time gap as a microscopic variable and describes drivers' behavioral characteristics according to traffic and geometric conditions.
Keywords
차간시간;교통기본도;확률분포;차간시간-속도 분포도;운전자 형태;
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