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Is Compact Urban Spatial Structure Effective for Public Transportation Mode?  

Lee, Jae-Yeong (Daejeon Development Institute)
Kim, Hyung-Chul (Department of Urban Planning, Kyungwon University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Transportation / v.22, no.3, 2004 , pp. 7-16 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of travel behavior and accessibility in terms of spatial structure. We analyzed travel behaviors and accessibility using a mode choice model and the Complementary Accessibility Index(CAI). The urban spatial structures that were compared were a compact city (CC) versus a sprawled city (SC), and high residential density districts (HD) versus low residential density districts (LD). First, CC and HDs residents had a shorter commuting distance than the CC and LDs residents. Second, behavior models showed that the use of Private cars for commuting in SCs was found to be greater than private car use in CCs, and that public transportation modes would be encouraged in CCs. Third, changes associated with the time and cost of commuting by private car generally affect the demand for public transportation modes in the CC. Also, analysis of cross elasticity suggests that changes of subway travel time affect the demand for buses very elastically. Fourth, the CAI of SC and LD were superior to the CC and HD even though the SC inefficient urban forms in terms of spatial structure. So, the spatial distribution of population density was also found to be an important factor affecting accessibility and energy savings.
Keywords
CC and SC; HD and LD; Characteristics of Travel behavior; Mode Choice; Accessibility; CAI;
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