Browse > Article

Anger, Cardiovascular Health and Depression in Middle-aged Korean Men: the Mediating Effect of Social Support  

Park Young-Joo (College of Nursing Korea University)
Baik Soon-Im (Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center)
Shin Hyun-Jeong (College of Nursing Korea University)
Yoon Ji-Won (College of Nursing Korea University)
Chun Sook-Hee (College of Nursing Korea University)
Moon So-Hyun (College of Nursing Korea University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing / v.36, no.5, 2006 , pp. 863-871 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: A descriptive correlational study was designed to examine the relationship of trait anger and anger expression to blood pressure, cholesterol, and depression in middle-aged Korean men. In addition, this study investigated the mediating effect of social support in relation to anger and other variables. Methods: Two hundred and ninety nine men aged 40 to 64 years were recruited from a health center at K University Hospital located in Ansan City, Kyungki province, Korea. The instruments used were Spielberger's state trait anger expression inventory-the Korean version for trait anger and anger expression, Beck's depression inventory for depression, and a Personal resource questionnaire for perceived social support. Results: Men with high trait anger showed significantly higher systolic blood pressure(BP) and diastolic BP The level of cholesterol did not have a significant relationship with trait anger and anger expression. The severity of depression was significantly higher in men with high trait anger or more frequent uses of anger-in or anger-out. The perceived social support had a significant mediating effect in relation to trait anger and depression. Conclusions: Various nursing interventions for managing anger or improving social support need to be developed in a future study.
Keywords
Anger; Blood pressure; Cholesterol; Depression; Social support;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Wilson, R. S., Bienias, J.L, Mendes de leon, C. F., Evans D. A., & Bennett, D. A.(2003). Negative affect and mortality on older persons. Am J Epidemiol, 158(9), 827-835   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Koh, K. B., Choe, K. O., & An, S. K. (2003). Anger and coronary calcification in individuals with and without risk factors of coronary artery disease. Yonsei Medical J, 44(5), 793-799   DOI
3 Ohira, T., Iso, H., Tanigawa, T., Sankai, T., Imano, H., Kiyama, M., Sato, S., Naito, Y., Lida, M., & Shimamoto, T. (2002). The relation of anger expression with blood pressure levels and hypertension in rural and urban Japanese communities. J Hypertens, 20(1), 21-27   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Park, Y. J., Han, K. S., Shin, H. J., Kang, H. C., & Moon, S. H. (2004). Anger, problem behaviors, and health status in adolescent women. J Korean Acad Nurs, 34(7), 1234-1242   DOI
5 Raikkonen, K., Matthews, K. A., & Kuller, L. H. (2002). The relationship between psychological risk attributes and the metabolic syndrome in healthy women : Antecedent or consequence? Metabolism, 51(12), 1573-1577   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Suh, M. H., & Oh, K. S. (1993). A study of well-being in caregivers caring for chronically in family members. J Korean Acad Nurs, 23(3), 467-486   과학기술학회마을
7 Smith, T. W. Glazer, K., Ruiz, J. M., & Gallo, L. C. (2004). Hostility, anger, aggressiveness, and coronary heart disease : An interpersonal perspective on personality, emotion, and health. J Pers, 72(6), 1217-1270   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Strike, P. C., & Streptoe, A. (2005). Behavioral and emotional triggers of acute coronary syndrome : A systematic review and critique. Psychosom Med, 67, 179-186   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Forgays, D. K., Spielberger, C. D., Ottaaway, S. A., & Forgays, S. G. (1998). Factor structure of the state-trait anger expression inventory for middle-aged men and women. Assessment, 5(2), 141-155   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Chon, K. K., Hahn, D. W., Lee, C. H., & Spielberger, C. D. (1997). Korean adaptation of the state-trait inventory : Anger and blood pressure. Korean J Health Psychol, 2(1), 60-78
11 Thomas, S. P., & Atakan, S. (1993). Trait anger, anger expression, stress, and health status of American and Turkish midlife women. Health Care Women Int, 14(2), 129-143   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Thomas, S. P. (2001). Teaching healthy anger management. Perspect Psychiatr Care, 37(2), 41-48
13 Bennet, J. A. (2000). Mediator and moderator variables in nursing research : Conceptual and statistical differences. Res Nurs Health, 23, 415-420   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Schum, J. L., Jorgensen, R. S., Verhaghen, P., Sauro M., & Thibodeau. (2003). Trait anger, anger expression, and ambulatory blood pressure : A meta-analytic review. J Behav Med, 26(5), 395-415   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Weinert, C., & Brandt, P. A. (1987). Measuring social support with the personal resource questionnaire. Western J Nurs Res, 9(4), 589-602   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Burtist, C. A., & Ashwood, E. R. (1994). Tietz textbook of chemistry (2nd ed.). Philadelphia : WB Saunders Company
17 Choi, S. I., Kim, Z. S., Shin, M. S., & Cho, M. J. (2001). Modes of anger expression in relation to depression and somatization. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc, 40(3), 425-433
18 Stoney, C. M., & Engebretson, T. O. (2000). Plasma homocysteine concentrations are positively associated with hostility and anger. Life Sci, 66(23). 2267-2275   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Everson, S. A., Goldberg, D. E., Kaplan, G. A., Julkunen, J., & Salonen, J. T. (1998). Anger expression and incident hypertension. Psychosom Med, 60(6), 730-735   DOI
20 Park, Y., Baik, S., Choi, Y., Shin, H., Moon, S., & Khim, S. (2005). The relation of trait anger and anger expression to cardiovascular responses and depression in middle-aged Korean women. J Korean Acad Nurs, 35(7), 1371-1378   DOI
21 Williams, J. E., Paton, C. C., Siegler, L. C., Eigenbrodt, M. J., Nieto, F. J., & Tyroler, H. A. (2000). Anger proneness predicts coronary heart disease risk. Circulation, 101(17),2034-2039   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Lee, C. W. (1993). Relationship between anger-coping types and serum total cholesterol. Keimyung Univ Med J, 12(3), 337-344
23 Hammen, C., & Compas, B. (1994). Unmasking depression in children and adolescents : The problem of cormorbidity, Clin Psychol Rev, 14(6), 585-603   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Hahn, H. M., Yum, T. H., Shin, Y. W., Kim, K. H., Yoon, D. J., & Chung, K. J. (1986). A standardization study of Beck Depression Inventory in Korea. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc, 25(3), 487-502
25 Muller, M. M., Rau, H., Brody, S., Elbert, T., & Heinle, H. (1995). The relationship between habitual anger coping style and serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. Biol Psychol, 41 (1), 69-81   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Raikkonen, K., Matthews, K. A., Sutton-Tyrrell, K., & Kuller, L. H. (2004). Trait anger and the metabolic syndrome predict progression of carotid atherosclerosis in healthy middle- aged women. Psychosom Med, 66(6), 903-908   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Rutledge, T., Reis, S. E., Olson, M., Owens, J., Kelsey, S. F., Pepine, C. J., Reichek, N., Rogers, W. J., Merz, C. N.B., Sopko, G., Cornell, C. E., & Matthews, K. A. (2001). Psychosocial variables are associated with atherosclerosis risk factors among women with chest pain : The Wise study. Psychosom Med, 63(2), 282-288   DOI