Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/KSME-B.2013.37.5.481

Comparison of Fuel-NOx Formation Characteristics in Conventional Air and Oxyfuel Combustion Conditions  

Woo, Mino (Kyungwon Engineering and Communication)
Park, Kweon Ha (Division of Mechanical and Energy Systems Engineering, Korea Maritime Univ.)
Choi, Byung Chul (Environment & Plant Team, Korean Register of Shipping)
Publication Information
Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B / v.37, no.5, 2013 , pp. 481-488 More about this Journal
Abstract
Nitric oxide ($NO_x$) formation characteristics in non-premixed diffusion flames of methane fuels have been investigated experimentally and numerically by adding 10% ammonia to the fuel stream, according to the variation of the oxygen ratio in the oxidizer with oxygen/carbon dioxide and oxygen/nitrogen mixtures. In an experiment of coflow jet flames, in the case of an oxidizer with oxygen/carbon dioxide, the $NO_x$ emission increased slightly as the oxygen ratio increased. On the other hand, in case of an oxygen/nitrogen oxidizer, the $NO_x$ emission was the maximum at an oxygen ratio of 0.7, and it exhibited non-monotonic behavior according to the oxygen ratio. Consequently, the $NO_x$ emission in the condition of oxyfuel combustion was overestimated as compared to that in the condition of conventional air combustion. To elucidate the characteristics of $NO_x$ formation for various oxidizer compositions, 1D and 2D numerical simulations have been conducted by adopting one kinetic mechanism. The result of 2D simulation for an oxidizer with oxygen/nitrogen well predicted the trend of experimentally measured $NO_x$ emissions.
Keywords
Oxyfuel Combustion; $NO_x$; Fuel-$NO_x$; Thermal $NO_x$; Ammonia;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Mackie, J.C., Colket III, M.B. and Nelson, P.F., 1990, "Shock Tube Pyrolysis of Pyridine," The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 94, No. 10, pp. 4099-4106.   DOI
2 Ahn, K.Y., Kim, H.S., Cho, E.S., Ahn, J.H. and Kim, Y.M., 1999, "An Experimental Study on Combustion Process and NOx emission Characteristics of the Air- Staged Burner," KSME International Journal, Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 477-486.   DOI
3 Puccio, M.A. and Miller, J.H., 2006, "The Chemical Structure of Pyridine-Doped Methane/Air, Non- Premixed Flames: Tracking the Fate of Fuel Nitrogen," 5th US Combustion Meeting, The University of California at San Diego, 25-28 March.
4 Fenimore, C.P., 1972, "Formation of Nitric Oxide from Fuel Nitrogen in Ethylene Flames," Combustion and Flame, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 289-296.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Takagi, T., Tatsumi, T. and Ogasawara, M., 1979, "Nitric Oxide Formation from Fuel Nitrogen in Staged Combustion: Roles of HCN and NHi," Combustion and Flame, Vol. 35, pp. 17-25.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Martins, C.A., Carvalho, Jr J.A., Veras, C.A.G., Ferreira, M.A. and Lacava, P.T., 2006, "Experimental Measurements of the $NO_{x}$ and CO Concentrations Operating in Oscillatory and Non-Oscillatory Burning Conditions," Fuel, Vol. 85, No. 1, pp. 84-93.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 ESI-CFD, 2012, "CFD-ACE+ V2011.0 User Manual," ESI-Group, www.esi-group.com
8 Smith, G.P., Golden, D.M., Frenklach, M., Moriarty, N.W., Eiteneer, B., Goldenberg, M., Bowman, C.T., Hanson, R.K., Song, S., Gardiner, W.C., Lissianksi, V.V. and Qin, Z., http://www.me.berkeley.edu/gri_mech/.
9 Lutz, A.E., Kee, R.J., Grcar, J.F. and Rupley, F.M., 1997, "OPPDIF: A Fortran Program for Computing Opposed-Flow Diffusion Flames," Report No. SAND 96-8243, Sandia National Laboratories.
10 Gardiner, W.C., Lissianski, V.V., Qin, Z., Smith, G.P., Golden, D.M., Freanklach, M., Eiteneer, B., Goldenberg, M., Moriarty, N.W., Bowman, C.T., Hanson, R.K., Song, S., Schmidt, C.C. and Serauskas, R.V., 1999, "The GRIMech TM Model for Natural Gas Combustion and NO Formation and Removal Chemistry," 5th Int. Conference on Combustion Technologies for a Clean Environment.
11 Turns, S.R., An Introduction to Combustion: Concept and Applications, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 168-173.
12 Glassman, I. and Yetter, A.R., 2008, Combustion, 4th Ed., Academic Press, pp. 417-441.
13 Wall, T., Liu, Y., Spero, C., Elliott, L., Khare, S., Rathnam, R., Zeenathal, F., Moghtaderi, B., Buhre, B., Sheng, C., Gupta, R., Yamada, T., Makino, K. and Yu, J., 2009, "An Overview on Oxyfuel Coal Combustion- State of the Art Research and Technology Development," Chemical Engineering Research and Design, Vol. 87, pp. 1003-1016.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Baukal, C.E. Jr., 1998, Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion, CRC Press LLC, Chapter 2.
15 Driscoll, J.F., Chen, R.H. and Yoon, Y.B., 1992, "Nitric Oxide Levels of Jet Diffusion Flames: Effects of Residence Time and Damkoler Number," Combustion and Flame, Vol. 88, pp. 37-49.   DOI   ScienceOn