[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2021.37.1.95

The Influence of Railway Formation and Development on Land Spatial Structure in Northeast China(1898-1945) - Comparing the Colonial Transportation Geography Model and the Railway Transportation System of Chinese Eastern Railway Southern Line -

Lho, Kyung-Min (International Heritage Education Center, Korea University of Cultural Heritage)

Publication Information

Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea / v.37, no.1, 2021 , pp. 95-106 More about this Journal

Abstract

This study examines the expansion of the railway transportation system according to the formation and changes of the operating organization of Chinese Eastern Railway Southern Line, the influence of railway on the spatial structure of Northeast China by comparing the features with the Colonial Transportation Geography Model. The railway center was moved to Harbin, Dalian, Fengtian according to the changes of the operating organization, and the stronghold became the center for performing railway policies and urban planning in Northeast China. Railway zones were established along the railway, similar to foreign concessions. Political, economic, and transportation centers were reorganized around the railway hub center, which led to the concentration of urban development among other cities. As a result of comparing the Rimmer model(1977) and Northeast China, the commonality are the followings; the existing transportation system were formed around the coastal, along the river, and land road built by empire before colonization. In the early stage of colonization, the modern transportation system was built by connecting the port to the inland city by railway. In the advanced stage of colonization, the administration centers were transferred by the intention of the colonial authorities. The difference are the followings; first, the permanent western base was the port city in the Rimmer model, but in Northeast China there were two permanent bases: one inland city and one port city, Harbin and Dalian. Secondly, in the model the permanent base becomes the new capital, however in Northeast China, the inland city along the railway became the new capital due to political and geographical reasons. Finally, in the model, the importance of the existing ceremonial city inclines through in the colonial process, while in Northeast China, ceremonial cities develop by transforming into a new functional city, such as an industrial city.

Keywords

Chinese Eastern Railway Southern Line; Northeast China; Railway Transportation System; Colonial Transportation Geography; Rimmer Model; Spatial Structure;

Citations & Related Records

Reference

1	Cheng, W. (2008). Modern Railway Zone of Northeast Asia(近代東北鐵路附屬地), Shanghai Academy of Social Science Press
2	Ding, Y. (1994). The Railway Management and Influence of South Manchurian Railway Company in Korea, Japan Studies
3	South Manchuria Economic Investigation Committee (1935). Fengtian City Construction Policy(奉天都市建設方策), South Manchuria Economic Investigation Committee
4	South Manchurian Railway Company (1939). The Construction Record of Manchurian Railway(滿洲鐵道建設誌), Dalian, South Manchurian Railway Company
5	Sun, X. (2009). The Influence of Transportation Development on the Formation of Northeast Urban System(交通运输发展对东北城市体系形成的影响), Quyujiaotong, 57-60
6	Takahashi, T. (1995). The History of Japanese Colonial Railway(日本殖民地鐵道史論), Toyko, Niho Keizai Hyouronsha Ltd.
7	Todoroki, H. (2005). After Thought on the Model of Modern Transportation System in Korea, Journal of Cultural and Historical Geography, 17, 56-68
8	Urban Planning Bureau of Harbin Municipality (2005). Glance Back the Old City's Charm of Harbin(1897-1949) Vol.1, Beijing, China Architecture & Building Press
9	Vance, J. (1970). The Merchant's World: the Geography of Wholesaling, New Jersey, Prentice Hall
10	Wu, G. (2007). Tracing the Old Buildings of the Chinese Eastern Railway, Heilongjiang People's Publishing House
11	Xu, J. (1917). Manuscript of Xu Wensu(許文肅公遺稿), Printing Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
12	Xue, L. (1998). Population Changes in Harbin(哈爾濱人口變遷), Harbin, People's Publishing House
13	Yang, B. (1993). Chinese Modern City and Architecture (中國近代城市與建築), Beijing, China Architecture & Building Press
14	Jilin Provincial Local Records Compilation Committee (2005). Jilin Provincial Record Vol.26. Transportation.Railway Record(吉林省志卷二十六交通志·铁道), Changchun, Jilin People's Press
15	Zheng, Z. (1987). Chinese Eastern Railway History Chronicle (中東鐵路歷史編年) (1895-1952), Harbin, Heilongjiang People's Publishing House
16	Dokujo, K. (1933). Records of the Construction of Manchuria(大滿洲國建設綠), Chuokoronsha
17	Dong, J. (2006). The Management of the Attached-land of Manchurian Railway(日本對南滿鐵路附屬地的經營及其影響), Thesis, Liaoning University
18	Ji, F. (1996). Harbinxungen(哈爾濱寻根), Harbin Publishing House
19	Jia, M., Yin, P., & Hu, H. (2014). The Influence of Transportation to Development and Evolution of Regional Relationship in Northeast China, Territory & Natural Resources Study, 5, 18-20
20	Jin, S. (1986). The History of Chinese Railway Company(中國鐵路發展史), Beijing, China Railway Publishing House
21	Kuai, Y. (2006). Study on Urban Spatial Form in Northeast China(東北地區城市空間形態研究), China Architecture & Building Press
22	Lho, K. (2018). Comparing Colonial City Planning of "Xinjing(Manzhouguo)" and "Gyeongseong(Choson)", The Journal of Seoul Studies Vol.71, 1-54 DOI
23	Liu, D., & Bian, B. (2018). Research on Modern Urban Planning and Architecture along Chinese Eastern Railway, Harbin, Harbin Institute of Technology Press
24	Li, B. (1997). A Study on the History of Urban Planning in the Japanese Occupied Area in China(日本在中國的占領地的城市規劃歷史研究), Thesis, Tongji University
25	Li, S., & Xu, T. (2014). The Railway and the Regional Economic Differences in Modern Northeast(1898-1931), Journal of Jiangxi Normal University(Social Sciences) 47(4), 114-119
26	Liaodong Military Station Superintendence (1905). Highlights of Manzhou(满洲要览), Liaodong New Press
27	Liu, L. (2017). The Correlation between Traffic and Urban Development in Northeast Region of China from 1860 to 1931, Thesis, Jilin University
28	Manchuria History Committee (1987). Forty years of Development in Manchuria(满洲开发四十年史) 1(2), Shenyang, Liaoning Academy of Social Science
29	Mi, R. (2002). Railway History of People's Republic of China(中華民國鐵路史資料)(1912-1949), Beijing, Economy & Management Publishing House
30	Mi, R. (2007). Imperialism and China's Railway 1847-1949, Beijing, Economy & Management Publishing House
31	Nie, Y. (2005). Harbin Protective Buildings(哈爾濱保護建築保護), Harbin, Heilongjiang People's Publishing House
32	Qu, X. (2003). South Manchuria Railway Zone and the Evolution of Modern Northeast Urban Space and Social Structure(滿鐵附屬地與近代東北城市空間及社會結構的演變), Social Science Front, 155-161
33	Rimmer, P.(1977). A Conceptual Framework for examining Urban and Regional Transport Needs in South-east Asia. Pacific Viewpoint, 18, 133-148 DOI
34	Sada, K. (1927). Brief Record of South Manchuria Railway (南满铁路纪略), Dalian, South Manchurian Railway Company