Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2012.39.1.10

Control of ovarian primordial follicle activation  

Kim, Jin-Yeong (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine / v.39, no.1, 2012 , pp. 10-14 More about this Journal
Abstract
The ovarian follicles develop initially from primordial follicles. The majority of ovarian primordial follicles are maintained quiescently as a reserve for the reproductive life span. Only a few of them are activated and develop to an advanced follicular stage. The maintenance of dormancy and activation of primordial follicles are controlled by coordinated actions of a suppressor/activator with close communications with somatic cells and intra-oocyte signaling pathways. Many growth factors and signaling pathways have been identified and the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily plays important roles in early folliculogenesis. However, the mechanism of maintaining the dormancy and survival of primordial follicles has remained unknown for decades. Recently, since the first finding that all primordial follicles are activated prematurely in mice deficient forkhead box O3a, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) signaling pathway was reported to be important in the regulation of dormancy and initial follicular activation. With these informations on early folliculogenesis, clinical application can be expected such as in vitro maturation of immature oocytes or in vitro activation of follicles by PTEN inhibitor in cryopreserved ovarian cortical tissues for fertility preservation.
Keywords
Ovarian follicle; Folliculogenesis; PI3K; PTEN; In vitro activation;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Reddy P, Liu L, Adhikari D, Jagarlamudi K, Rajareddy S, Shen Y, et al. Oocyte-specific deletion of Pten causes premature activation of the primordial follicle pool. Science 2008;319:611-3.
2 Wandji SA, Srsen V, Voss AK, Eppig JJ, Fortune JE. Initiation in vitro of growth of bovine primordial follicles. Biol Reprod 1996;55:942-8.
3 Wandji SA, Srsen V, Nathanielsz PW, Eppig JJ, Fortune JE. Initiation of growth of baboon primordial follicles in vitro. Hum Reprod 1997;12:1993-2001.
4 Dissen GA, Romero C, Paredes A, Ojeda SR. Neurotrophic control of ovarian development. Microsc Res Tech 2002;59:509-15.
5 Spears N, Molinek MD, Robinson LL, Fulton N, Cameron H, Shimoda K, et al. The role of neurotrophin receptors in female germcell survival in mouse and human. Development 2003;130:5481-91.
6 Hreinsson JG, Scott JE, Rasmussen C, Swahn ML, Hsueh AJ, Hovatta O. Growth differentiation factor-9 promotes the growth, development, and survival of human ovarian follicles in organ culture. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:316-21.
7 Dong J, Albertini DF, Nishimori K, Kumar TR, Lu N, Matzuk MM. Growth differentiation factor-9 is required during early ovarian folliculogenesis. Nature 1996;383:531-5.
8 Kaivo-oja N, Jeffery LA, Ritvos O, Mottershead DG. Smad signalling in the ovary. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2006;4:21.
9 De Baere E, Beysen D, Oley C, Lorenz B, Cocquet J, De Sutter P, et al. FOXL2 and BPES: mutational hotspots, phenotypic variability, and revision of the genotype-phenotype correlation. Am J Hum Genet 2003;72:478-87.
10 Schmidt D, Ovitt CE, Anlag K, Fehsenfeld S, Gredsted L, Treier AC, et al. The murine winged-helix transcription factor Foxl2 is required for granulosa cell differentiation and ovary maintenance. Development 2004;131:933-42.
11 Pangas SA, Choi Y, Ballow DJ, Zhao Y, Westphal H, Matzuk MM, et al. Oogenesis requires germ cell-specific transcriptional regulators Sohlh1 and Lhx8. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006;103:8090-5.
12 Durlinger AL, Kramer P, Karels B, de Jong FH, Uilenbroek JT, Grootegoed JA, et al. Control of primordial follicle recruitment by anti-Mullerian hormone in the mouse ovary. Endocrinology 1999;140:5789-96.
13 Durlinger AL, Visser JA, Themmen AP. Regulation of ovarian function: the role of anti-Mullerian hormone. Reproduction 2002;124:601-9.
14 McGee EA, Hsueh AJ. Initial and cyclic recruitment of ovarian follicles. Endocr Rev 2000;21:200-14.
15 Carlsson IB, Scott JE, Visser JA, Ritvos O, Themmen AP, Hovatta O. Anti-Mullerian hormone inhibits initiation of growth of human primordial ovarian follicles in vitro. Hum Reprod 2006;21:2223-7.
16 Lan ZJ, Xu X, Cooney AJ. Differential oocyte-specific expression of Cre recombinase activity in GDF-9-iCre, Zp3cre, and Msx2Cre transgenic mice. Biol Reprod 2004;71:1469-74.
17 Adhikari D, Zheng W, Shen Y, Gorre N, Hamalainen T, Cooney AJ, et al. Tsc/mTORC1 signaling in oocytes governs the quiescence and activation of primordial follicles. Hum Mol Genet 2010;19:397-410.
18 Elvin JA, Matzuk MM. Mouse models of ovarian failure. Rev Reprod 1998;3:183-95.
19 Eppig JJ, Wigglesworth K, Pendola FL. The mammalian oocyte orchestrates the rate of ovarian follicular development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002;99:2890-4.
20 Castrillon DH, Miao L, Kollipara R, Horner JW, DePinho RA. Suppression of ovarian follicle activation in mice by the transcription factor Foxo3a. Science 2003;301:215-8.
21 John GB, Gallardo TD, Shirley LJ, Castrillon DH. Foxo3 is a PI3K-dependent molecular switch controlling the initiation of oocyte growth. Dev Biol 2008;321:197-204.
22 Reddy P, Zheng W, Liu K. Mechanisms maintaining the dormancy and survival of mammalian primordial follicles. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2010;21:96-103.
23 Crino PB, Nathanson KL, Henske EP. The tuberous sclerosis complex. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1345-56.
24 Reddy P, Shen L, Ren C, Boman K, Lundin E, Ottander U, et al. Activation of Akt (PKB) and suppression of FKHRL1 in mouse and rat oocytes by stem cell factor during follicular activation and development. Dev Biol 2005;281:160-70.
25 Adhikari D, Flohr G, Gorre N, Shen Y, Yang H, Lundin E, et al. Disruption of Tsc2 in oocytes leads to overactivation of the entire pool of primordial follicles. Mol Hum Reprod 2009;15:765-70.
26 Junger MA, Rintelen F, Stocker H, Wasserman JD, Vegh M, Radimerski T, et al. The Drosophila forkhead transcription factor FOXO mediates the reduction in cell number associated with reduced insulin signaling. J Biol 2003;2:20.
27 Kezele PR, Nilsson EE, Skinner MK. Insulin but not insulin-like growth factor-1 promotes the primordial to primary follicle transition. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2002;192:37-43.
28 Liu K, Rajareddy S, Liu L, Jagarlamudi K, Boman K, Selstam G, et al. Control of mammalian oocyte growth and early follicular development by the oocyte PI3 kinase pathway: new roles for an old timer. Dev Biol 2006;299:1-11.
29 Driancourt MA, Reynaud K, Cortvrindt R, Smitz J. Roles of KIT and KIT LIGAND in ovarian function. Rev Reprod 2000;5:143-52.
30 Albertini DF, Barrett SL. Oocyte-somatic cell communication. Reprod Suppl 2003;61:49-54.
31 Packer AI, Hsu YC, Besmer P, Bachvarova RF. The ligand of the ckit receptor promotes oocyte growth. Dev Biol 1994;161:194-205.
32 Parrott JA, Skinner MK. Kit-ligand/stem cell factor induces primordial follicle development and initiates folliculogenesis. Endocrinology 1999;140:4262-71.
33 Reddy P, Adhikari D, Zheng W, Liang S, Hamalainen T, Tohonen V, et al. PDK1 signaling in oocytes controls reproductive aging and lifespan by manipulating the survival of primordial follicles. Hum Mol Genet 2009;18:2813-24.
34 Blume-Jensen P, Jiang G, Hyman R, Lee KF, O'Gorman S, Hunter T. Kit/stem cell factor receptor-induced activation of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase is essential for male fertility. Nat Genet 2000;24:157-62.
35 Cantley LC. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway. Science 2002;296:1655-7.
36 Vanhaesebroeck B, Alessi DR. The PI3K-PDK1 connection: more than just a road to PKB. Biochem J 2000;346 Pt 3:561-76.
37 Wullschleger S, Loewith R, Hall MN. TOR signaling in growth and metabolism. Cell 2006;124:471-84.
38 Fan HY, Liu Z, Cahill N, Richards JS. Targeted disruption of Pten in ovarian granulosa cells enhances ovulation and extends the life span of luteal cells. Mol Endocrinol 2008;22:2128-40.
39 Li J, Kawamura K, Cheng Y, Liu S, Klein C, Duan EK, et al. Activation of dormant ovarian follicles to generate mature eggs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010;107:10280-4.