Browse > Article

In silico Analysis of Downstream Target Genes of Transcription Factors  

Hwang, Sang-Joon (Graduate School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine)
Chun, Sang-Young (School of Biological Sciences and Technology, chonnam National University)
Lee, Kyung-Ah (Graduate School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine / v.33, no.2, 2006 , pp. 125-132 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: In the previous study, we complied the differentially expressed genes during early folliculogenesis. Objective of the present study was to identify downstream target genes of transcription factors (TFs) using bioinformatics for selecting the target TFs among the gene lists for further functional analysis. Materials & Methods: By using bioinformatics tools, constituent domains were identified from database searches using Gene Ontology, MGI, and Entrez Gene. Downstream target proteins/genes of each TF were identified from database searches using TF database ($TRANSFAC^{(R)}$ 6.0) and eukaryotic promoter database (EPD). Results: DNA binding and trans-activation domains of all TFs listed previously were identified, and the list of downstream target proteins/genes was obtained from searches of TF database and promoter database. Based on the known function of identified downstream genes and the domains, 3 (HNF4, PPARg, and TBX2) out of 26 TFs were selected for further functional analysis. The genes of wee1-like protein kinase and p21WAF1 (cdk inhibitor) were identified as potential downstream target genes of HNF4 and TBX2, respectively. PPARg, through protein-protein interaction with other protein partners, acts as a transcription regulator of genes of EGFR, p21WAF1, cycD1, p53, and VEGF. Among the selected 3 TFs, further study is in progress for HNF4 and TBX2, since wee1-like protein kinase and cdk inhibitor may involved in regulating maturation promoting factor (MPF) activity during early folliculogenesis. Conclusions: Approach used in the present study, in silico analysis of downstream target genes, was useful for analyzing list of TFs obtained from high-throughput cDNA microarray study. To verify its binding and functions of the selected TFs in early folliculogenesis, EMSA and further relevant characterizations are under investigation.
Keywords
Folliculogenesis; Bioinformatics; Transcription factor; Binding element; Downstream target gene;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Yoon SJ, Kim KH, Chung HM, Choi DH, Lee WS, Cha KY, Lee KA. Gene expression profiling of early follicular development in primordial, primary, and secondary follicles. Fertil Steril 2006; 85: 193-203   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Richards JS. Perspective: The ovarian follicle-A perspective in 2001. Endocrinol 2001; 142: 2184-93   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Moehren U, Eckey M, Baniahmad A. Gene repression by nuclear hormone receptors. Essays Biochem 2004; 40: 89-104   DOI
4 Claessens F, Gewirth DT. DNA recognition by nuclear receptors. Essays Biochem 2004; 40: 59-72   DOI
5 Wilson V, Conlon FL. The T-box family. Genome Biol 2002; 3: REVIEWS3008
6 Park CE, Kim YH, Jeon EH, Cha KY, Lee SH, Lee KA. Expression of weel and its related cell cycle components in mouse early stage follicles. Cells Tissues Organs 2004; 177: 221-8   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Kim KH, Park CE, Yoon SJ, Lee KA. Characterization of genes related to the cell size growth and CCN family according to the early folliculogenesis in the mouse. Kor J Fertil Steril 2005; 32: 269-77
8 Pilpel Y, Sudarsanam P, Church GM. Identifying regulatory networks by combinatorial analysis of promoter elements. Nat Genet 2001; 29: 153-9   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Harrelson Z, Kelly RG, Goldin SN, Gibson-Brown JJ, Bollag RJ, Silver LM, Papaioannou VE. $Tb\times 2$ is essential for patterning the atrioventricular canal and for morphogenesis of the outflow tract during heart development. Development 2004; 131: 5041-52   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Wingender E, Dietze P, Karas H, Knuppel R. TRANSFAC: A database on transcription factors and their DNA binding sites. Nucleic Acids Res 1996; 24: 238-41   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Edwards DP. The role of coactivators and core- pressors in the biology and mechanism of action of steroid hormone receptors. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2000; 5: 307-24   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Park CE, Cha KY, Kim K, Lee KA. Expression of cell cycle regulatory genes during primordial-primary follicle transition in the mouse ovary. Fertil Steril 2005; 83: 410-8   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Saha S, Sparks AB, Rago C, Akmaev V, Wang CJ, Vogelstein B, et al. Characterization of the yeast transcriptome. Cell 1997; 88: 243-51   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Jonghwan K, Akshay AB, Xochitl CM, Vishwanath RI. Mapping DNA-protein interactions in large genomes by sequence tag analysis of genomic enrichment. Nature Methods 2005; 2: 47-53   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Fortune JE, Cushman RA, Kito WS. The primordial to primary follicle transition. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2000; 163: 53-60   DOI
16 Park CE, Shin MR, Jeon EH, Cha KY, Lee SH, Kim K, Kim NH, Lee KA. Oocyte-selective expression of MTi7 and finding its role in oocyte maturation and cell division in zygote by RNA interference. Mol Reprod Dev 2004; 69: 365-74   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Velculescu VE, Zhang L, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW. Serial analysis of gene expression. Science 1995; 270: 484-7   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Fortune JE. The early stages of follicular development: activation of primordial follicles and growth of preantral follicles. Anim Reprod Sci 2003; 78: 135-63   DOI