Ginsenoside Rg1 Attenuates Neuroinflammation Following Systemic Lipopolysaccharide Treatment in Mice |
Shin, Jung-Won
(Department of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University)
Ma, Sun-Ho (Department of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) Lee, Ju-Won (Department of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) Kim, Dong-Kyu (Department of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) Do, Kyuho (Department of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) Sohn, Nak-Won (Department of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) |
1 | Harry GJ, Kraft AD. Neuroinflammation and microglia: considerations and approaches for neurotoxicity assessment. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2008 ; 4 : 1265-77. DOI ScienceOn |
2 | Choi SH, Aid S, Bosetti F. The distinct roles of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in neuroinflammation: implications for translational research. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2009 ; 30 : 174-81. DOI ScienceOn |
3 | Sparkman NL, Johnson RW. Neuroinflammation associated with aging sensitizes the brain to the effects of infection or stress. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2008 ; 15 : 323-30. DOI ScienceOn |
4 | Nah SY, Kim DH, Rhim H. Ginsenosides: are any of them candidates for drugs acting on the central nervous system?. CNS Drug Rev. 2007 ; 13 : 381-404. |
5 | Attele AS, Wu JA, Yuan CS. Ginseng pharmacology: multiple constituents and multiple actions. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 ; 58 : 1685-93. DOI ScienceOn |
6 | Chen LM, Lin ZY, Zhu YG, Lin N, Zhang J, Pan XD, Chen XC. Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates -amyloid generation via suppressing -regulated BACE1 activity in N2a-APP695 cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 ; 675 : 15-21. DOI ScienceOn |
7 | Li W, Chu Y, Zhang L, Yin L, Li L. Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates tau phosphorylation in SK-N-SH induced by -stimulated THP-1 supernatant and the involvement of p38 pathway activation. Life Sci. 2012 ; 91 : 809-15. DOI ScienceOn |
8 | Zhang YF, Fan XJ, Li X, Peng LL, Wang GH, Ke KF, Jiang ZL. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects neurons from hypoxic-ischemic injury possibly by inhibiting Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptors and L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 ; 586 : 90-9. DOI ScienceOn |
9 | Ge KL, Chen WF, Xie JX, Wong MS. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against 6-OHDA-induced toxicity in MES23.5 cells via Akt and ERK signaling pathways. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 ; 127 : 118-23. DOI ScienceOn |
10 | Zhang X, Wang J, Xing Y, Gong L, Li H, Wu Z, Li Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Dong L, Li S. Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 or -estradiol on a cognitively impaired, ovariectomized rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience. 2012 ; 220 : 191-200. DOI |
11 | Fang F, Chen X, Huang T, Lue LF, Luddy JS, Yan SS. Multi-faced neuroprotective effects of Ginsenoside Rg1 in an Alzheimer mouse model. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 ; 1822 : 286-92. DOI ScienceOn |
12 | Park S, Ahn IS, Kwon DY, Ko BS, Jun WK. Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 suppress triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and enhance beta-cell insulin secretion and viability in Min6 cells via PKA-dependent pathways. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2008 ; 72 : 2815-23. DOI ScienceOn |
13 | Shi YQ, Huang TW, Chen LM, Pan XD, Zhang J, Zhu YG, Chen XC. Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates amyloid-beta content, regulates PKA/CREB activity, and improves cognitive performance in SAMP8 mice. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010 ; 19 : 977-89. DOI |
14 | Xu L, Chen WF, Wong MS. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease through the IGF-I receptor signalling pathway. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 ; 158 : 738-48. DOI ScienceOn |
15 | Park SM, Choi MS, Sohn NW, Shin JW. Ginsenoside Rg3 attenuates microglia activation following systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment in mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2012 ; 35 : 1546-52. DOI |
16 | Xu SF, Yu LM, Fan ZH, Wu Q, Yuan Y, Wei Y, Fang N. Improvement of ginsenoside Rg1 on hematopoietic function in cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 ; 695 : 7-12. DOI ScienceOn |
17 | Lau WS, Chan RY, Guo DA, Wong MS. Ginsenoside Rg1 exerts estrogen-like activities via ligand-independent activation of ERalpha pathway. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 ; 108 : 64-71. DOI ScienceOn |
18 | Zong Y, Ai QL, Zhong LM, Dai JN, Yang P, He Y, Sun J, Ling EA, Lu D. Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses via the phospholipase C- signaling pathway in murine BV-2 microglial cells. Curr Med Chem. 2012 ; 19 : 770-9. DOI |
19 | Minghetti L. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2004 ; 63 : 901-10. DOI |
20 | Graeber MB, Streit WJ. Microglia: biology and pathology. Acta Neuropathol. 2010 ; 119 : 89-105. DOI ScienceOn |
21 | Hu JF, Song XY, Chu SF, Chen J, Ji HJ, Chen XY, Yuan YH, Han N, Zhang JT, Chen NH. Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation in mice. Brain Res. 2011 ; 1374 : 8-14. DOI ScienceOn |
22 | Henry CJ, Huang Y, Wynne AM, Godbout JP. Peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge promotes microglial hyperactivity in aged mice that is associated with exaggerated induction of both pro-inflammatory IL-1beta and anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokines. Brain Behav Immun. 2009 ; 23 : 309-17. DOI ScienceOn |
23 | Chung DW, Yoo KY, Hwang IK, Kim DW, Chung JY, Lee CH, Choi JH, Choi SY, Youn HY, Lee IS, Won MH. Systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide induces cyclooxygenase-2 immunoreactivity in endothelium and increases microglia in the mouse hippocampus. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2010 ; 30 : 531-41. DOI ScienceOn |
24 | Jeong HK, Jou I, Joe EH. Systemic LPS administration induces brain inflammation but not dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra. Exp Mol Med. 2010 ; 42 : 823-32. 과학기술학회마을 DOI ScienceOn |
25 | Cao C, Matsumura K, Yamagata K, Watanabe Y. Induction by lipopolysaccharide of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in rat brain; its possible role in the febrile response. Brain Res. 1995 ; 697 : 187-96. DOI ScienceOn |
26 | Qin L, Li G, Qian X, Liu Y, Wu X, Liu B, Hong JS, Block ML. Interactive role of the toll-like receptor 4 and reactive oxygen species in LPS-induced microglia activation. Glia. 2005 ; 52 : 78-84. DOI ScienceOn |
27 | Aid S, Bosetti F. Targeting cyclooxygenases-1 and -2 in neuroinflammation: Therapeutic implications. Biochimie. 2011 ; 93 : 46-51. DOI ScienceOn |
28 | Qin L, Wu X, Block ML, Liu Y, Breese GR, Hong JS, Knapp DJ, Crews FT. Systemic LPS causes chronic neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. Glia. 2007 ; 55 : 453-62. DOI ScienceOn |
29 | McAlpine FE, Tansey MG. Neuroinflammation and tumor necrosis factor signaling in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. J Inflamm Rea. 2008 ; 1 : 29-39 |
30 | Pinteaux E, Trotter P, Simi A. Cell-specific and concentration-dependent actions of interleukin-1 in acute brain inflammation. Cytokine. 2009 ; 45 : 1-7. DOI ScienceOn |
31 | Gonzalez-Rey E, Delgado M. Vasoactive intestinal peptide inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression in activated macrophages, microglia, and dendritic cells. Brain Behav Immun. 2008 ; 22 : 35-41. |
32 | Wang Q, Zheng H, Zhang ZF, Zhang YX. Ginsenoside Rg1 modulates COX-2 expression in the substantia nigra of mice with MPTP-induced Parkinson disease through the P38 signaling pathway. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2008 ; 28 : 1594-8. |
33 | Ito D, Imai Y, Ohsawa K, Nakajima K, Fukuuchi Y, Kohsaka S. Microglia-specific localisation of a novel calcium binding protein, Iba1. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1998 ; 57 : 1-9. DOI ScienceOn |