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Preliminary Source Apportionment of Ambient VOCs Measured in Seoul Metropolitan Area by Positive Matrix Factorization  

Han J. S. (Department of Air Quality Research, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Moon K. J. (Department of Air Quality Research, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Kim R. H. (Department of Air Quality Research, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Shin S. A. (Department of Air Quality Research, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Hong Y. D. (Department of Air Quality Research, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Jung I. R. (Department of Air Quality Research, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment / v.22, no.1, 2006 , pp. 85-97 More about this Journal
Abstract
The PAMS data collected at four sites in Seoul metropolitan area in 2004 were analyzed using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) technique, in order to identify the possible sources and estimate their contributions to ambient VOCs. Ten sources were then resolved at Jeongdong, Bulgwang, Yangpyeong, and Seokmo, including vehicle exhaust, LPG vehicle, petroleum evaporation, coating, solvent, asphalt, LNG, Industry & heating, open burning, and biogenic source. The PMF analysis results showed that vehicle exhaust commonly contributed the largest portion of the predicted total VOCs mass concentration, more than $30\%$ at four sites. The contribution of other resolved sources were significantly different according to the characteristics of site location. In the case of Jeongdong and bulgwang located in urban area, various anthropogenic sources such as coating, solvent, asphalt, residual LPG, and petroleum evaporation contributed about $40\%$ of total VOCs mass. On the other hand, at yangpyeong and Seokmo located in rural and remote area, the portion of these anthropogenic sources was reduced to less than $30\%$ and the contribution of natural sources including open burning and biogenic source clearly observed. These results were considerably corresponding to the emission inventory investigated in this region.
Keywords
PAMS; VOCs; Source estimation; Seoul metropolitan area;
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