Browse > Article

Influence of gingival biotype on the amount of root coverage following the connective tissue graft  

Joo, Ji-Young (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
Lee, Ju-Youn (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
Kim, Sung-Jo (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
Choi, Jeom-Il (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science / v.39, no.2, 2009 , pp. 111-118 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: The integrity of interproximal hard/soft tissue has been widely accepted as the key determinant for success or degree of root coverage following the connective tissue graft. However, we reason that the gingival biotype of an individual, defined as the distance from the interproximal papilla to gingiva margin, may be the key determinant that influence the extent of root coverage regardless of traditional classification of gingival recession. Hence, the present study was performed with an aim to verify that individual gingival scalloping pattern inherent from biotype influence the level of gingival margin following the connective tissue graft for root coverage. Methods: Test group consisted of 43 single-rooted teeth from 21 patients (5 male and 16 female patients, mean age: 36.6 years) with varying degrees of gingival recession requiring connective tissue graft; 20 teeth of Miller class I and 23 teeth of Miller class III gingival recession, respectively. The control group consisted of contralateral teeth which did not demonstrate apparent gingival recession, and thus not requiring root coverage. For a biotype determination, an imaginary line connecting two adjacent papillae of a test tooth was drawn. The distance from this line to gingival margin at mid-buccal point and this distance (P-M distance) was designated as "gingival biotype" for a given individual. The distance was measured at baseline and 3 to 6 months examinations postoperatively both in test and control groups. The differences in the distance between Miller class I and III were subject to statistical analysis by using Student.s t-test while those between the test and control groups within a given patient were by using paired t-test. Results: The P-M distance at 3 to 6 months postoperatively was not significantly different between Miller class I and Miller class III. It was not significantly different between the test and control group in a given patient, either, both in Miller class I and III. Conclusions: The amount of root coverage following the connective tissue graft was not dependent on Miller's classification, but rather was dependent on P-M distance, strongly implying that the gingival biotype of a given patient may play a critical impact on the level of gingival margin following connective tissue graft.
Keywords
gingival biotype; root coverage; connective tissue graft;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Khocht A, Simon G, Person P, Denepitiya JL. Gingival recession in relation to history of hard toothbrush use. J Periodontol. 1993;64(9):900-905   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
2 Pennel BM, Tabor JC, King KO et al. Free masticatory mucosa graft. J Periodontol. 1969;40(3):162-166   DOI   PUBMED
3 Melcher AH. On the repair potential of periodontal tissues. J Periodontol. 1976;47(5):256-260   DOI   PUBMED
4 Weisgold AS. Contours of the full crown restoration. Alpha Omegan. 1977;70(3):77-89   PUBMED
5 Olsson M, Lindhe J, Marinello CP. On the relationship between crown form and clinical features of the gingiva in adolescents. J Clin Periodontol. 1993;20(8):570-577   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Smukler H, Landsberq J. The toothbrush and gingival traumatic injury. J Periodontol. 1984;55(12):713-719   DOI   PUBMED
7 Olsson M, Lindhe J. Periodontal characteristics in individuals with varying form of the upper central incisors. J Clin Periodontol. 1991;18(1):78-82   DOI   PUBMED
8 Muller HP. Eger T. Gingival phenotypes in young male adults. J Clin Periodontol. 1997;24(1):65-71   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Langer B, Calagna LJ. The subepithelial connective tissue graft. a new approach to the enhancement of anterior cosmetics. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1982;2(2):22-33   PUBMED
10 Claffey N, Shanley D. Relationship of gingival thickness and bleeding to loss of probing attachment in shallow sites following nonsurgical periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 1986;13(7):654-657   DOI   PUBMED
11 Roccuzzo M, Bunino M, Needleman I, Sanz M. Periodontal plastic surgery for treatment of localized gingival recessions: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2002;29 Suppl3:178-194   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Baker DL, Seymour GJ. The possible pathogenesis of gingival recession. A histological study of induced recession in the rat. J Clin Periodontol. 1976;3(4):208-219   DOI   PUBMED
13 Seibert J, Lindhe J. Esthetics and periodontal therapy. In: Textbook of clinical periodontology. 2nd ed. Copenhagen: Munksgaard;477-514
14 Boyd RL. Mucogingival considerations and their relationship to orthodontics. J Periodontol. 1978;49(2):67-76   DOI   PUBMED
15 Santarelli GA, Ciancaqlini R, Campanari F, Dinoi C, Ferraris S. Connective tissue grafting employing the tunnel technique : a case report of complete root coverage in the anterior maxilla Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2001;21(1):77-83   PUBMED
16 Donaldson D. Gingival recession associated with temporary crowns. J Periodontol. 1973;44(11):691-696   DOI   PUBMED
17 Weisgold AS, Arnoux JP, Lu J. Single-tooth anterior implant: a world of caution. PartⅠ. J Esthet Dent 1997;9(5):225-233   DOI   PUBMED
18 Hall WB. Present status of soft tissue grafting J Periodontol. 1977;48(9):587-597   DOI   PUBMED
19 Zucchelli G, Testori T, De Sanctis M. Clinical and anatomical factors limiting treatment outcomes of gingival recession: a new method to predetermine the line of root coverage. J Periodontol. 2006;77(4):714-721   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Blanes RJ, Allen EP. The bilateral pedicle flap-tunnel technique: a new approach to cover connective tissue graft. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1999;19(5):471-479   PUBMED
21 Sanavi F, Weisgold AS, Rose LF. Biologic width and its relation to periodontal biotypes. J Esthet Dent. 1998;10(3):157-163   DOI   PUBMED
22 Wilson RD. Marginal tissue recession in general dental practice: a preliminary study. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1983;3(1):40-53   PUBMED
23 Allen EP, Miller PD Jr. Coronal positioning of existing gingiva: short term results in the treatment of shallow marginal tissue recession. J Periodontol. 1989;60(6):316-319   DOI   PUBMED
24 Pontoriero R, Carnevale G. Surgical crown lengthening: a 12-month clinical wound healing study. J Periodontol 2001;72(7):841-848   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Lindhe J, Karring T, Lang NP. Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. 4th ed. Blackwell Munksgaard 2003:611-613
26 Miller PD Jr. A classification of marginal tissue recession. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1985;5(2):8-13   PUBMED
27 Langer B, Langer L. Subepithelial connective tissue graft technique for root coverage. J Periodontol. 1985;56(12):715-720   DOI   PUBMED
28 Miller PD Jr. Root coverage using the free soft tissue autograft following citric acid application. Ⅲ. A successful and predictable procedure in areas of deep-wide recession. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1985;5(2):14-37   PUBMED