Browse > Article

Effect of the early exposure of cover screws on the survival rate of implants  

Kim, Yong-Gun (Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Kangnung National University)
Lee, Jae-Kwan (Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Kangnung National University)
Chang, Beom-Seok (Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Kangnung National University)
Um, Heung-Sik (Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Kangnung National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science / v.36, no.4, 2006 , pp. 879-889 More about this Journal
Abstract
The early exposure of cover screws is a common complication of 2-stage implant technique. The exposure of cover screws between stage I and IT surgery may cause inflammation in the soft tissues surrounding the implants, and lead to peri-implantitis or marginal bone loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the early exposure of cover screws on implants placed using 2-stage technique. Two hundred and nineteen implants in 77 patients were examined for cumulative survival rate, radiographic marginal bone level change, cause and frequency of the early exposure. The results were as follows: 1. Twenty-five implants showed early exposure of cover screws with a frequency of 11.4%. 2. Cumulative survival rate of the implants with early cover screw exposure was 88.0%, and that of the implants without cover screw exposure was 96,9%. 3. At the time of stage IT surgery and 1 year after loading, the marginal bone loss was greater around the implants with early exposure of cover screws than around the implants without cover screw exposure(p <0.05), 4, There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of the early exposure according to the implant diameter, gender, and smoking(p >0,05).
Keywords
2-stage implant technique; cumulative survival rate; marginal bone loss; frequency of the early exposure;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Toljanic JA, Banakis ML, Willes LA, Graham L. Soft tissue exposure of endosseous implants between stage I and stage II surgery as a potential indicator of early crestal bone loss. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1999;14:436-441
2 Barzilay I, Graser GN, Iranpour B, Natiella JR. Immediate implantation of a pure tita nium implant into an extraction socket: report of a pilot procedure. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1991;6:277-284
3 Barzilay I, Graser GN, lranpour B, Natiella JR, Proskin HM. Immediate implantation of pure titanium implants into extraction sockets of Macaca fascicularis. Part II: Histologic observations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1996;11:489-497
4 Clarizio LF. One-stage implants: An overview of their usefulness and teclmiques for placement. Postgrad Dent. 1996;3:3-12
5 Fourmousis I, Bragger U, 'Radiologic interpretation of peri -implant structures, In Proceeding of the 3rd European Workshop on Periodontology', Berlin: Quintessence Publishing Co, 1999
6 Larheim TA, Eggen S. Measurements of alveolar bone height at tooth and implant abutments on intraoral radiographs, a comparison of reproducibility of Eggen technique utilized with and without bite imression. J Clin Peiodontol 1982;9:184-192   DOI
7 Croft CB, Tarin D. Ultrastructural studies of wound healing in mouse skin. I. Epithelial behaviour. J Anat 1970 Jan;106: 63-77
8 Jones J, Triplett R. The relationship of cigarette smoking to impaired intraoral wound healing: A review of evidence and implications for patient care. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1992;50:237-239   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Tal H. Spontaneous early exposure of submerged implants: I. Classification and clinical observations. J Periodontol 1999;70:213-219   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Jemt T, Lekholm D. Oral implant treatment in posterior partially edentulous jaws: a 5-year follow-up report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1993;8:635-640
11 Ericsson I, Randow K, Glantz PO, Lindhe J, Nilner K. Clinical and radiographical features of submerged and nonsubmerged titanium implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 1994;5:185-189   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Gilio JA, Abubaker AO, Diegelmann RF. Physiology of wound healing of skin and mucosa. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1996;8:457-465
13 Ericsson I, Nilner K, Klinge B, Glantz PO. Radiographical and histological characteristics of submerged and nonsubmerged titanium implants. An experimental study in the Labrador dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7:20-26   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Block MS, Kent JN. Factors associated with soft- and hard-tissue compromise of endosseous implants. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1990;48:1153-1160   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Preber H, Bergstrom J. Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following surgical therapy. J Clin Periodontol 1990;17 :324-328   DOI
16 Wennstrom, J.L, Palmer, R.M: 'Consensus report of Session C, In Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Periodontology', Berlin: Quintessence Publishing Co, 1999
17 Adell R, Lekholm D, Branemark P-I surgical procedures in tissue-integrated prostheses. Oseointegration in clinical dentistry. Chicago, Quintessence Publishing Co. 1985; 211-232
18 Tal H, Dayan D. Spontaneous early exposure of submerged implants: II. Histopathology and histomorphometry of non-perforated mucosa covering submerged implants. J Periodontol 2000;71:1224-1230   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Berglundh T, Lindhe J. Dimension of the peri-implant mucosa. Biologic with revisited. J Clin Periodontol 1996;23:971-973   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Barzilay I, Graser GN, Iranpour B, Proskin HM. Immediate implantation of pure titanium implants into extraction sockets of Macaca fascicularis. Part I: Clinical and radiographic assessment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1996;11:299-310
21 Adell R, Lekholm U, Rockler B, Bninsmark PI. A 15-year study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Int J Oral Surg 1981;10:387-416   DOI
22 Tal H, Dayan D. Spontaneous early exposure of submerged implants: III. Histopathology of perforated mucosa covering submerged implants. J Periodontol 2000;71:1231-1235   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Miller PD Jr. Root coverage with the free gingival graft, Factors associated with incomplete coverage. J Periodontol 1987;58: 674-681   DOI
24 Noack N, vViller J, Hoffmann J. Long-term results after placement of dental implants: longitudinal study of 1,964 implants over 16 years. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1999;14:748-755
25 Buser D, Weber HP, Bragger U, Balsiger C. Tissue integration of one-stage ITI implants: 3-year results of a longitudinal study with Hollow-Cylinder and Hollow-Screw implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac nImplants 1991;6:405-412
26 Lekholm U, Gunne J, Henry P, et al. Survival of the Branemark implant in partially edentulous jaws: a 10-year prospective multicenter study. Int J oral Maxillofac Implants 1999;14:639-645
27 Odland G, Ross R. Human wound repair, I. Epidermal regeneration. J Cell Biol 1968;39: 135-151   DOI
28 Albrektsson, T., Sennerby, L. 'State of the art in oral implants', J Clin Periodontol 1991;18:471-481
29 Tal H, Zvi Artzi, Spontaneous early exposure of submerged endosseous implants resulting in crestal bone loss: A clinical evaluation between stage I and Stage II surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2001;16:514-521
30 Weber HP, Buser D, Donath K, et al. Williams RC, Comparison of healed tissues adjacent to submerged and non-submerged unloaded titanium dental implants, A histometric study in beagle dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7:11-19   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Ordman LJ, Gillman T. Studies in the healing of cutaneous wounds. I. The healing of incisions through the skin of pigs. Arch Surg 1966;93:857-882   DOI   ScienceOn