Browse > Article

Effect of Mouthguard on Tooth Distortion During Clenching  

Lee, Yun (Dept. of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University)
Choi, Dae-Gyun (Dept. of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University)
Kwon, Kung-Rock (Dept. of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University)
Lee, Richard Sung-Bok (Dept. of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University)
Noh, Kwan-Tae (Dept. of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University)
Publication Information
Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science / v.26, no.4, 2010 , pp. 405-417 More about this Journal
Abstract
Previous studies have already shown that mouthguard is effective in protecting jaw bone, teeth and oral tissue against sports trauma. However, other than severe trauma, repetitive force, such as disorders like clenching, cause teeth or oral tissue damage. These kinds of disorders usually present pathologic attrition in the posterior teeth, resorption in alveolar bone, loss of teeth and destruction of occlusion. Wearing a mouthguard is believed to be effective in preventing these disorders. But its effect is not examined thoroughly enough. The purpose of this study is to identify whether mouthguard is effective in reducing strain caused by clenching. Mandibular first molars in the normal occlusal relationship without any history of dental treatment were chosen. Biaxial type strain gauge was placed on the buccal surface of the tooth. Having maximum occlusal force, measured by load cell, as a standard, clenching intensity were divided into three stages; moment of slightly tooth contact, medium bite force (50% of maximum bite force), maximum bite force. Strain occurring in dentition in each stage with and without mouthguard was measured. Changes in strain (on dentition) between each stage and difference in strain, between with or without mouthguard were recorded by PCD-300 analyzer and PCD-30 soft ware. The data was statistically analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test. The following results were drawn; Without mouthguard, strain given on dentition increased as the clenching force increased. With mouthguard, strain given on dentition also increased as the clenching force increased. With mouthguard, strain decreased, in all cases of clenching force stages. Data on the moment of slightly tooth contact stage, had no statistical significance. However, with mouthguard, 50-90% of decrease in strain could be obtained in maximum occlusal force, compared to the group without mouthguard. Mouthguard decreased the strain on the dentition, caused by clenching. Therefore, mouthguard seems to be effective in preventing damage on dentition, by acting against clenching, which occurs both consciously and unconsciously during sports activities.
Keywords
sports dentistry; mouthguard; strain; bite force;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Takeda T, Ishigami K, Shintaro K, Nakajima K, Shimada A, Regner CW. The influence of impact object characteristics on impact force and force absorption by mouthguard material. Dental Traumatol 2004;20:12-20.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Okiyama S, Ikebe K, Nokubi T. Association between masticatory performance and maximal occlusal force in young man. J Oral Rehabil 2003;30:278-282.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Woodmansey KF. Athletic mouth guards prevent orofacial injuries. J Am Coll Health 1997;45:179-182.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Winters LR, Schmitt LC. Tooth preservation in contact sports. J Calif Dent Assoc 1961;37:368-370.
5 Wehner PJ, Henderson D. Maximum prevention and preservation: an achievement of intraoral mouth protectors. Dent Clin North Am 1965;9:493-498.
6 Takeda Tomotaka, Kurokawa Katsuhide, Nara Kazuhiro, Ninagawa Masaharu, Miyajima Shiro, Shoumura Masahito, Handa Jun, Kawamura Shintaro, Kojima Ichiro, Shibusawa Mami, Ogawa Tohru, Nakajima Kazunori, Shimada Atsushi and Ishigami Keiichi. Mouthguard effect of tooth distortion during clenching Nihon Hotetsu Shika Gakkai Zasshi. 2005;49:608-16.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Shinogaya T, Bakke M, Thomsen CE,Vilmann A, Matsumoto M. Bite force and occlusal load in healthy young subjects - a methodological study. Eur J Prosthodont Rest Dent 2000;8:11-15.
8 Bakke M, Michler L, Han K, Moller E. Clinical significance of isometric bite force versus electrical activity in temporal and masseter muscles. Scand J Dent Res 1989;97:539-551.
9 Suzuki T, Kumagai H, Watanabe T, Uchida T, Nagao M. Evaluation of complete denture occlusal contacts using pressuresensitive sheets. Int J Prosthodont 1997;10:386-391.
10 Takeda T, Ishigami K, Handa J, Naitoh K, Kurokawa K, Shibusawa M, Nkajima K, Kawamura S. Does hard insertion and space improve shock absorption ability of mouthguard. Dent Traumatol. 2006 ;22:77-82.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Westerman B, Stringfellow PM, Eccleston JA. Beneficial effects of air inclusions on the performance of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) mouthguard material. Br J Sports Med. 2002;36:51-3.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Helkimo E, Carlsson GE, Helkimo M. Bite force and state of dentition. Acta Odontol Scand 1977;35: 297-303.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Westerman B, Stringfellow PM, Eccleston JA. Harbrow DJ. Effect of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) closed cell foam on transmitted in mouthguard material. Br J Sports Med. 2002;36:205-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Dental Materials. 2nd ed. Koonja Publishing; 1998: 45-48.
15 Ho-Keun Kwon, Ja-Hea Yoo, Young-Sook Kwon, Baek-Il Kim. Comparison of bite force with dental prescale and unilateral bite force recorder in healthy subjects. J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2006;44:103-111.   과학기술학회마을
16 Flystrand F, Kleven E, ilo G. A novel miniature bite force recorder and its clinical application. Acta Odontol Scand 1982;40:209-214.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Cho YC, Kim TK. A study on maximum bite force after dental implantation. J Kor Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997;23:541-547.
18 Shinogaya T, Matsumoto M. Evaluation of prosthodontic treatment by occlusal force distribution: a methodological study. Eur J Prosthodont Rest Dent 1998;6:121-125.
19 Seo JC, Kim JR, Yang DY. A study on changes in the maximum bite force after orthognathic surgery. J Kor Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996;22:121-129.
20 Jung BY, Jeon YS, Han DH. Occlusal force and oral tactile sensibility measured in partially edentulous patients with Brnemark implants and natural teeth: a clinical study. J Kor Acad Prosthodont 1999;37: 23-41.
21 Ou M, Taniguchi H, Ohyama T. Analysis on decay rate of vibration following impact to human dry skull with and without mouthguards. Bull Tokyo Med Dent Univ 1996;43:13-24.
22 Kumagai H, Suzuki T, Hamada T, Sondang P, Fujitanl M, Nikawa H. Occlusal force distribution on the dental arch during various levels of clenching. J Oral Rehabil 1999;26:932-5.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Marrow RM, Conci T, Seals RR. Oral injuries in southwest conference women basketball players. Athletic Training 1991;26: 344-345.
24 Miyahara T, Hagiya N, Ohyama T, Nakamura Y. Modulation of human H reflex in association with voluntary clenching of the teeth. J Neurophysiol 1996;76:2033-2041.   DOI
25 Su-Jin An, Sung-Bok Lee. The effect on appendage muscle strength due to increase in occlusal vertical dimension. J Korean Acad Stomatog Func Occ 2001;17:231-244.
26 Yun Lee, Dae-Gyun Choi, Sung-Bok Lee. Effect of occlusal balance on center of gravity in body. J Korean Acad Stomatog Func Occ 2003;19:57-68.
27 Takeda T, Ishigami K, Ogawa T, Nakajima K, Shibusawa M, Shimada A, Regner CW. Are all mouthguards the same and safe to use? The influence of occlusal supporting mouthguards in decreasing bone distortion and fractures. Dental Traumatol 2004;20:150-156.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Oikarinen KS, Salonen MAM. Introduction of four custom made mouth protectors constructed of single and double layers for activities in contact sports. Endod Dent Traumatol 1993;9:19-24.   DOI
29 Takeda T, Ishigami K, Jun H, Nakajima K, Shimada A, Ogawa T. The influence of sensor type on the measured impact absorption of mouthguard material. Dental Traumatol 2004;20:29-35.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Hickey JC, Morris AI, Calson LD, Seward TE. The relation of mouth protectors to cranial pressure and deformation. J Am Dent Assoc 1967;74:735-740   DOI
31 Strener JM, Lawson EA, Wright JM, Ricketts J. Mouthguards: protection against shock to head, neck and teeth. J Am Dent Assoc 1964;69:273-281.   DOI
32 Maestrello-deMoya MG, Primosch RE. Orofacial trauma and mouth-protector wear among high school varsity basketball players. J Dent Child 1989;56:36-39.
33 Seon-Dall Hwang, Sung-Bok Lee, Hyeong-Seob Kim, Dae-Gyun Choi. The survey for the knowledge of mouth protector to the sports player in Korea. J Korean Acad Stomatog Func Occ 2007;23:205-218.