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The Effect of Etching Time on the Biaxial Flexural Strength of IPS Empress® 2 Ceramic  

Kim, Youn-Hwi (Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Dankook University)
Shin, Soo-Yeon (Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Dankook University)
Cho, In-Ho (Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Dankook University)
Lee, Joon-Seok (Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Dankook University)
Publication Information
Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science / v.23, no.4, 2007 , pp. 269-281 More about this Journal
Abstract
Fluoric acid etching is an essential procedure in cementation of reinforced ceramics to tooth surface. But there have been few studies about the changes of surface structure and flexural strength of IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic according to the etching time. The objectives of this study were to examine the surface structure changes and the difference in biaxial flexural strength of IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic according to various etching times. Sixty one disk-shaped specimens of IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic($14mm{\times}1.2mm$) were fabricated for the biaxial flexural strength test and SEM analysis according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Sixty specimens were divided into 6 groups(n=10) according to the time of HF acid etching(0, 20, 180 and 300s)and silane/resin cement application. Each disk was loaded using a piston-on-3 ball biaxial configuration in a universal testing machine. The failure loads(N) were recorded, and the biaxial flexural strength for each disk was calculated. A one-way analysis of variance and independent t-test on transformed fracture strength data were used to determine significant differences between groups. The groups of no cementation showed a trend toward progressive weakening with increasing the etching time. However, this was not statistically significant at p=0.05 level. The groups of resin cementation exhibited no apparent trend in their mean strength values. SEM photomicrographs showed very different results of etching. Within the conditions of this study, alteration of surface topography by acid etching does not have a deleterious effect on the biaxial flexural strength of IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic.
Keywords
IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic; Fluoric acid etching; Biaxial flexural strength; Piston-on-3 ball test;
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