Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2010.30.5.842

Effects of Anabolic Steroids of Pork on Proliferation and Differentiation of Myogenic Satellite Cell  

Lee, Dong-Mok (School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University and Bovine Genome Resources Bank)
Lee, Ki-Ho (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Medical Sciences Research Institute, Eulji University)
Cheon, Yong-Pil (Department of Biology, Sungshin Women's University)
Chun, Tae-Hoon (School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Choi, In-Ho (School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University and Bovine Genome Resources Bank)
Publication Information
Food Science of Animal Resources / v.30, no.5, 2010 , pp. 842-850 More about this Journal
Abstract
Sex steroids are known to be involved in skeletal muscle development (anabolic effect) and are frequently used in medicines. It has been known that pork contains a variety of steroids that are mainly synthesized in the gonads (testis and ovary). Thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of anabolic steroids of pork on the proliferation and differentiation of myogenic satellite cells (MSC). Three different methods (M1, M2, and M3) were developed for the isolation and purification of steroids from porcine tissues. Among three extraction methods that we developed, M3 was the best method with respect to the quantities of steroids and the induction of MSC proliferation. Hormonal analysis showed that the steroid hormone levels were the highest in muscle and fat of intact male than those of castrated males and females. In addition, the highest serum levels of nandrolone and testosterone were detected in intact males, whereas estrone and $17{\beta}$-estradiol levels were similar in the entire experimental serum samples. Expression of androgen receptor (AR), myoD, desmin, and myogenin in bovine muscle cells were significantly up-regulated by the treatment of steroid extracts. The highest increas of myogenin and AR mRNA abundance were observed in the MSCs treated with M3 extract (p<0.001). Altogether, the present research showed the positive effect of steroids on MSC proliferation and differentiation in vitro. These results would certainly imply a beneficial effect of pork consumption on human muscle development.
Keywords
pig; anabolic steroid; myogenic satellite cell; proliferation; pork; testis;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 1  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 2
연도 인용수 순위
1 Barton Pai, A., Chretien, C., and Lau, A. H. (2002) The effects of nandrolone decanoate on nutritional parameters in hemodialysis patients. Clin. Nephrol. 58, 38-46.   DOI
2 Kamanga-Sollo, E., Pampusch, M. S., Xi, G., White, M. E., Hathaway, M. R., and Dayton, W. R. (2004) IGF-I mRNA levels in bovine satellite cell cultures: effects of fusion and anabolic steroid treatment. J .Cell Physiol. 201, 181-189.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Molkentin, J. D. and Olson, E. N. (1996) Defining the regulatory networks for muscle development. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 6, 445-453.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Saartok, T., Dahlberg, E., and Gustafsson, J. A. (1984) Relative bindingaffinity of anabolic-androgenic steroids-comparison of the binding to the androgen receptors in skeletal muscle and in prostate, as well as to sex hormone-binding globulin. Endocrinology 114, 2100-2106.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Venuti, J. M., Morris, J. H., Vivian, J. L., Olson, E. N., and Klein, W. H. (1995) Myogenin is required for late but not early aspects of myogenesis during mouse development. J. Cell Biol. 128, 563-576.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Bhasin, S., Storer, T. W., Berman, N., Yarasheski, K. E., Clevenger, B., Phillips, J., Lee, W. P., Bunnell, T. J., and Casaburi, R. (1997) Testosterone replacement increases fat-free mass and muscle size in hypogonadal men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82, 407-413.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Cook, D. R., Doumit, M. E., and Merkel, R. A. (1993) Transforming growth factor-beta, basic fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB interact to affect proliferation of clonally derived porcine satellite cells. J. Cell Physiol. 157, 307-312.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 De Wasch, K., Le Bizec, B., De Brabander, H. Andre, F., and Impens, S. (2001) Consequence of boar edible tissue consumption on urinary profiles of nandrolone metabolites. II. Identification and quantification of 19-norsteroids responsible for 19-norandrosterone and 19-noretioncholanolone excretion in human urine. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 15, 1442-1447.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Kamanga-Sollo, E., White, M. E., Hathaway, M. R., Chung, K. Y., Johnson, B. J., Dayton, W. R. (2008) Roles of IGF-1 and the estrogen, androgen and IGF-1 receptors in estradiol- 17beta- and trenbolone acetate-stimulated proliferation of cultured bovine satellite cell. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 35, 88-97.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Amory, J. K. and Bremner, W. J. (2000) Newer agents for hormonal contraception in the male. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 11, 61-66.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Hong, M. H., Sun, H., Jin, C. H., Chapman, M., Hu, J., Chang, W., Burnett, K., Rosen, J., Neoro-Vilar, A., Miner, J. N. (2008) Cell-specific activation of the human skeletal alphaactin by androgens. Endocrinology. 149, 1103-1112.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Raeside, J. I., Renaud, R. L., and Friendship, R. M. (1989) Aromatization of 19-norandrogens by porcine Leydig cells. J. Steroid Biochem. 32, 729-735.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Rho, J. H. and Han, C. K. (2007) Effects of Pork on Feeding on Detoxification Process in Rats Intoxicated with Lead J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 49, 415-428.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Lee, E. J., Choi, J. H., Hyun, J. H., Cho, K. H., Hwang, I., Lee, H. J., Chang, J. S., and Choi, I. (2007) Steroid effects on cell proliferation, differentiation and steroid receptor gene expression in adult bovine satellite cells. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20, 501-510.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
15 Lee, Y. J., Kim, C. J., Park, B. Y., Seong, P. N., Kim, J. H., Kang, G. H., Kim, D. H., and Cho, S. H. (2009) Warner-bratzler shear force, sarcomere length, total collagen contents and sensory characteristics of honwoo beef (Korean native cattle) quality grade. Korean J. Food Sci. Ani. Resour. 29, 726-735.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Kablar, B., Asakura, A., Krastel, K., Ying, C., May, L. L., Goldhamer, D. J., and Rudnicki, M. A. (1998) MyoD and Myf-5 define the specification of musculature of distinct embryonic origin. Biochem. Cell Biol. 76, 1079-1091.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Khalil, M. W., Chung, N., Morley, P., Glasier, M. A., and Armstrong, D. T. (1988) Formation and metabolism of 5(10)-estrene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol, a novel 19-norandrogen produced by porcine granulosa cells from C19 aromatizable androgens. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.155, 144-150.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Diel, P., Baadners, D., Schliupmann, K., Velders, M., and Schwarz, J. P. (2008) C2C12 myoblastoma cell differentiation and proliferation is stimulated by androgens and associated with a modulation of myostatin and Pax7 expression. Mol. Endocrinol. 40, 231-241.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Fairfield, W. P., Treat, M., Rosenthal, D. I., Frontera, W., Stanley, T., Corcoran, C., Costello, M., Parlman, K., Schoenfeld, D., Klibanski, A., and Grinspoon, S. (2001) Effects of testosterone and exercise on muscle leanness in eugonadal men with AIDS wasting. J. Appl. Physiol. 90, 216-2171.
20 Fuh, M. R., Huang, S. Y., and Lin, T. Y. (2004) Determination of residual anabolic steroid in meat by gas chromatography- ion trap-mass spectrometer. Talanta. 64, 408-414.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Choi, I., Kim, J. Y., Lee, E. J., Kim, Y. Y., Chung, C. S., Chang, J., Choi, N. J., Chung, H. J., and Lee, K. H. (2009) Ontogeny of expression and localization of steroidogenic enzymes in the neonatal and prepubertal pig testes. J. Androl. 30, 57-74.   DOI
22 Debruyckere, G. and Van Peteghem, C. (1991) Detection of 19-nortestosterone and its urinary metabolites in miniature pigs by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. 564, 393-403.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Schwarzenberger, F., Toole, G. S., Christie, H. L., and Raeside, J. I. (1993) Plasma levels of several androgens and estrogens from birth to puberty in male domestic pigs. Acta Endocrinol(Copenh). 128, 173-177.
24 Bonnet, A., Dai, F., Brand-Saberi, B., and Duprez, D. (2010) Vestigial-like 2 acts downstream of MyoD activation and is associated with skeletal muscle differentiation in chick myogenesis. Mech. Dev. 127, 120-136.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Chen, Y., Lee, N. K., Zajac, J. D., and MacLean, H. E. (2008) Generation and analysis of an androgen-responsive myoblast cell line indicates that androgens regulate myotube protein accretion. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 31, 910-918.   DOI
26 Ayotte, C. (2006) Significance of 19-norandrosterone in athletes' urine samples. Br. J. Sports Med. 40, 125-129.
27 Bergink, E. W., Janssen, P. S. L., Turpijn, E. W., and Vander Vies, J. (1985) Comparison of the receptor-binding properties of nandrolone and testosterone under in vitro and in vivo conditions. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 22, 831-836.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Allouh, M. Z. and Rosser, B. W. (2010) Nandrolone decanoate increases satellite cell numbers in the chicken pectoralis muscle. Histol. Histopathol. 25, 133-140.
29 Yamaguchi, A. (1995) Regulation of differentiation pathway of skeletal mesenchymal cells in cell lines by transforming growth factor-$\beta$ (TGF-$\beta$) superfamily. Seminar in Cell Biology. 6, 165-173.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 농협중앙회 (2007) 축산물 가격 및 수급자료. pp. 104-105.
31 Li, H., Choudhary, S. K., Milner, D. J., Munir, M. I., Kuisk, I. R., and Capetanaki, Y. (1994) Inhibition of desmin expression blocks myoblast fusion and interferes with the myogenic regulator MyoD and myogenin. J. Cell Biol. 124, 827-841.   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Seo, J. (2008) Determination of hormonal active compounds in meat. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 21, 526-534.   과학기술학회마을
33 Sheffield-Moore, M., Paddon-Jones, D., Casperson, S. L., Gilkison, C., Volpi, E., Wolf, S. E., Jiang, J., Rosenblatt, J. I., and Urban, R. J. (2006) Androgen therapy induces muscle protein anabolism in older women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 91, 3844-3849.   DOI   ScienceOn