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http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ab.21.0304

Dietary 25(OH)D3 supplementation to gestating and lactating sows and their progeny affects growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood profiles and myogenic regulatory factor-related gene expression in wean-finish pigs  

Upadhaya, Santi Devi (Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University)
Chung, Thau Kiong (DSM Nutritional Products Asia Pacific)
Jung, Yeon Jae (Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University)
Kim, In Ho (Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University)
Publication Information
Animal Bioscience / v.35, no.3, 2022 , pp. 461-474 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: This experiment investigated the effects of supplementing vitamin D3-fortified sow and progeny diets with 25(OH)D3 on growth performance, carcass characteristics, immunity, and pork meat quality. Methods: The present study involved the assessment of supplementing the diet of sows and their progeny with or without 25 (OH)D3 in a 2×2 factorial arrangement on the performance and production characteristics of wean-finish pigs. Forty-eight multiparous sows were assigned to a basal diet containing 2000 IU/kg vitamin D3 and supplemented without (CON) or with (TRT) 50 ㎍/kg 25 (OH)D3. At weaning, a total of 80 pigs each from CON and TRT sows were allocated to weaning and growing-finishing basal diets fortified with 2,500 and 1,750 IU/kg vitamin D3 respectively and supplemented without or with 50 ㎍/kg 25(OH)D3. Results: Sows fed 25(OH)D3-supplemented diets improved pre-weaning growth rate of nursing piglets. A significant sow and pig weaning diet effect was observed for growth rate and feed efficiency (p<0.05) during days 1 to 42 post-weaning. Pigs consuming 25(OH)D3-supplemented diets gained weight faster (p = 0.016), ate more (p = 0.044) and tended to convert feed to gain more efficiently (p = 0.088) than those fed CON diet between days 98 and 140 post-weaning. Supplemental 25(OH)D3 improved water holding capacity and reduced drip loss of pork meat, increased serum 25(OH)D3 level, produced higher interleukin-1 and lower interleukin-6 concentrations in blood circulation, downregulated myostatin (MSTN) and upregulated myogenic differentiation (MYOD) and myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) gene expressions (p<0.05). Conclusion: Supplementing vitamin D3-fortified sow and wean-finish pig diets with 50 ㎍/kg 25(OH)D3 significantly improved production performance suggesting their current dietary vitamin D3 levels are insufficient. In fulfilling the total need for vitamin D, it is strongly recommended to add 50 ㎍/kg 25(OH)D3 "on top" to practical vitamin D3-fortified sow and wean-finish pig diets deployed under commercial conditions.
Keywords
Growing Pigs; Hydroxy Vitamin D; Myogenesis; Pork Meat Quality; Sows;
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