Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2016.21.5.001

EPET-WL: Enhanced Prediction and Elapsed Time-based Wear Leveling Technique for NAND Flash Memory in Portable Devices  

Kim, Sung Ho (Dept. of Computer Engineering, Yeungnam University)
Kwak, Jong Wook (Dept. of Computer Engineering, Yeungnam University)
Abstract
Magnetic disks have been used for decades in auxiliary storage devices of computer systems. In recent years, the use of NAND flash memory, which is called SSD, is increased as auxiliary storage devices. However, NAND flash memory, unlike traditional magnetic disks, necessarily performs the erase operation before the write operation in order to overwrite data and this leads to degrade the system lifetime and performance of overall NAND flash memory system. Moreover, NAND flash memory has the lower endurance, compared to traditional magnetic disks. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes EPET (Enhanced Prediction and Elapsed Time) wear leveling technique, which is especially efficient to portable devices. EPET wear leveling uses the advantage of PET (Prediction of Elapsed Time) wear leveling and solves long-term system failure time problem. Moreover, EPET wear leveling further improves space efficiency. In our experiments, EPET wear leveling prolonged the first bad time up to 328.9% and prolonged the system lifetime up to 305.9%, compared to other techniques.
Keywords
NAND flash memory; wear leveling; elapsed time; free block allocation policy; portable device;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 MT29F4G08ABADAWP 8Gbit SLC NAND Flash Memory Data Sheet, http://www.micron.com, Micro Technology, 2009
2 K9GAG08U0M 2G x 8bit MLC NAND Flash Memory Data Sheet, Samsung Electronics, https://www.samsung.com, Feb, 2007
3 Wang, Chundong, and Weng-Fai Wong. "Observational wear leveling: an efficient algorithm for flash memory management." Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2012 49th ACM/EDAC/IEEE. IEEE, 2012.
4 Lee, Junghee, et al. "A semi-preemptive garbage collector for solid state drives." Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS), 2011 IEEE International Symposium on. IEEE, 2011
5 Chang, Li-Pin, and Li-Chun Huang. "A low-cost wear-leveling algorithm for block-mapping solid-state disks." ACM SIGPLAN Notices. Vol. 46. No. 5. ACM, 2011.
6 Lin, M. W., and Song Yan Chen. "Swap time-aware garbage collection policy for NAND flash-based swap system." Electronics Letters 49.24, pp. 1525-1526, 2013.   DOI
7 Lim, Seung-Ho, and Kyu-Ho Park. "An efficient NAND flash file system for flash memory storage." Computers, IEEE Transactions on 55.7, pp. 906-912, 2006.   DOI
8 Ji, Seunggu, and Dongkun Shin. "Locality and duplication-aware garbage collection for flash memory-based virtual memory systems." Computer and Information Technology (CIT), 2010 IEEE 10th International Conference on. IEEE, 2010.
9 Murugan, Muthukumar, and David HC Du. "Rejuvenator: A static wear leveling algorithm for NAND flash memory with minimized overhead." Mass Storage Systems and Technologies (MSST), 2011 IEEE 27th Symposium on. IEEE, 2011.
10 Jeong, Jaehyeong, and Yong Ho Song. "A technique to improve garbage collection performance for NAND flash-based storage systems." Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on 58.2, pp. 470-478, 2012.   DOI
11 Chung, Ching-Che, Duo Sheng, and Ning-Mi Hsueh. "A high-performance wear-leveling algorithm for flash memory system." IEICE Electronics Express 9.24, pp. 1874-1880, 2012.   DOI
12 Ma, Dongzhe, Jianhua Feng, and Guoliang Li. "A survey of address translation technologies for flash memories." ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) 46.3, pp. 36, 2014.
13 Yang, Ming-Chang, et al. "New ERA: new efficient reliability-aware wear leveling for endurance enhancement of flash storage devices." Proceedings of the 50th Annual Design Automation Conference. ACM, p. 163, 2013.
14 Sang-Ho Hwang, Jong Wook Kwak, "CL-Tree : B+ tree for NAND Flash Memory using Cache Index List", Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 1-10, Apr. 2015.   DOI
15 Seon Hwan Kim, Jong Wook Kwak, "Garbage CollectionMethod using Proxy Block considering Index Data Structure based on Flash Memory", Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information, Vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 1-11, Jun. 2015.   DOI
16 Yang, Ming-Chang, et al. "Garbage collection and wear leveling for flash memory: Past and future." Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP), 2014 International Conference on. IEEE, pp.66-73, 2014.
17 Wu, Michael, and Willy Zwaenepoel. "eNVy: a non-volatile, main memory storage system." ACM SigPlan Notices, ACM, Vol. 29, No. 11, pp. 86-97, 1994.   DOI
18 Chang, Li-Pin. "On efficient wear leveling for large-scale flash-memory storage systems." Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Applied computing, ACM, pp. 1126-1130, 2007.
19 Chang, Yuan-Hao, Jen-Wei Hsieh, and Tei-Wei Kuo. "Improving flash wear-leveling by proactively moving static data." Computers, IEEE Transactions on 59.1, pp. 53-65, 2010.   DOI
20 Liao, Jianwei, et al. "Adaptive wear-leveling in flash-based memory." Computer Architecture Letters 14.1 pp. 1-4 2015.   DOI
21 BUCY, J., SCHINDLER, J., SCHLOSSER, S., AND GANGER, G. "The DiskSim Simulation Environment Version 4.0" http://www.pdl.cmu.edu/DiskSim, 2010
22 Kim, Sung Ho, and Jong Wook Kwak. "Prediction of Elapsed Time based Wear Leveling for NAND Flash Memory in Embedded Systems." International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 11.1, pp. 578-585, 2016.
23 V. Prabhakaran and T. Wobber, "SSD Extension for DiskSim Simulation Environment", 2010.