Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2011.41.2.76

Influence of the angles and number of scans on the accuracy of 3D laser scanning  

Lee, Kyung-Min (Department of Orthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, 2nd Stage of Brain Korea 21, Chonnam National University)
Song, Hyo-Young (Department of Orthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, 2nd Stage of Brain Korea 21, Chonnam National University)
Lee, Ki-Heon (Department of Orthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, 2nd Stage of Brain Korea 21, Chonnam National University)
Hwang, Hyeon-Shik (Department of Orthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, 2nd Stage of Brain Korea 21, Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
The korean journal of orthodontics / v.41, no.2, 2011 , pp. 76-86 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether the accuracy of 3D laser scanning is influenced by the angles and number of scans. Methods: Using a 3D laser scanner, 10 manikins with facial markers were scanned at 7 horizontal angles (front view and at $20^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, and $60^{\circ}$ angles on the right and left sides). Three-dimensional facial images were reconstructed by 6 methods differing in the number and angles of scans, and measurements of these images were compared to the physical measurements from the manikins. Results: The laser scan images were magnified by 0.14 - 0.26%. For images reconstructed by merging 2 scans, excluding the front view; and by merging 3 scans, including the front view and scans obtained at $20^{\circ}$ on both sides; several measurements were significantly different than the physical measurements. However, for images reconstructed by merging 3 scans, including the front view; and 5 scans, including the front view and scans obtained at $20^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ on both sides; only 1 measurement was significantly different. Conclusions: These results suggest that the number and angle of scans influence the accuracy of 3D laser scanning. A minimum of 3 scans, including the front view and scans obtained at more than $45^{\circ}$ on both sides, should be integrated to obtain accurate 3D facial images.
Keywords
3D laser scanner; Scan angle; Number of scans;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 1  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 1
연도 인용수 순위
1 Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Poggio CE, Serrao G. Facial three-dimensional morphometry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1996;109:86-93.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Choi HH, Cho JH, Park HJ, Oh HK, Choi JH, Hwang HS, et al. Validity of superimposition range at 3-dimensional facial images. J Korean Assoc Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2009;31:149-57.
3 Mah J, Hatcher D. Current status and future needs in craniofacial imaging. Orthod Craniofac Res 2003;6(Suppl 1):10-6.   DOI
4 Kusnoto B, Evans CA. Reliability of a 3D surface laser scanner for orthodontic applications. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:342-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Kau CH, Richmond S, Zhurov AI, Knox J, Chestnutt I, Hartles F, et al. Reliability of measuring facial morphology with a 3-dimensional laser scanning system. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005;128:424-30.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Kau CH, Richmond S, Savio C, Mallorie C. Measuring adult facial morphology in three dimensions. Angle Orthod 2006;76:773-8.
7 Baik HS, Lee HJ, Jeon JM. A proposal of soft tissue landmarks for craniofacial analysis using 3-dimensional laser scan imaging. Word J Orthod 2006:7:7-14
8 Kau CH, Zhurov A, Richmond S, Cronin A, Savio C, Mallorie C. Facial templates: a new perspective in three dimensions. Orthod Craniofac Res 2006;9:10-7.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Baik HS, Jeon JM, Lee HJ. A study of facial soft tissue of Korean adults with normal occlusion using a three-dimensional laser scanner. Korean J Orthod 2006;36:14-29.
10 Kau CH, Zhurov A, Richmond S, Bibb R, Sugar A, Knox J, et al. The 3-dimensional construction of the average 11-yearold child face: a clinical evaluation and application. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006;64:1086-92.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Moss JP, Linney AD, Lowey MN. The use of three-dimensional techniques in facial esthetics. Semin Orthod 1995;1:94-104.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Kau CH, Zhurov A, Bibb R, Hunter L, Richmond S. The investigation of the changing facial appearance of identical twins employing a three-dimensional laser imaging system. Orthod Craniofac Res 2005;8:85-90.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Hennessy RJ, Moss JP. Facial growth: separating shape from size. Eur J Orthod 2001;23:275-85.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 McDonagh S, Moss JP, Goodwin P, Lee RT. A prospective optical surface scanning and cephalometric assessment of the effect of functional appliances on the soft tissues. Eur J Orthod 2001;23:115-26.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Song JM, Lee KH, Hwang HS. A comparative study of guiding methods for natural head posture in cephalometrics. Korean J Orthod 2005;35:341-50.
16 Broadbent BH. A new x-ray technique and its application to orthodontia. Angle Orthod 1931;1:45-66.
17 Sanborn RT. Differences between the facial skeletal patterns of Class III malocclusion and normal occlusion. Angle Orthod 1955;25:208-22.
18 Steiner CC. The use of cephalometrics as an aid to planning and assessing orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod 1960;46:721-35.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Kim EH, Hwang HS. The validity of head posture aligner in posteroanterior cephaiometry. Korean J Orthod 2000;30:543-52.
20 Downs WB. Analysis of the dentofacial profile. Angle Orthod 1956;26:191-212.
21 Kau CH, Cronin A, Durning P, Zhurov AI, Sandham A, Richmond S. A new method for the 3D measurement of postoperative swelling following orthognathic surgery. Orthod Craniofac Res 2006;9:31-7.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Besl PJ, Mckay ND. A method for registration of 3-D shapes. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 1992;14:239-56.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Ismail SF, Moss JP, Hennessy R. Three-dimensional assessment of the effects of extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatment on the face. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121:244-56.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Moss JP, Ismail SF, Hennessy RJ. Three-dimensional assessment of treatment outcomes on the face. Orthod Craniofac Res 2003;6(Suppl 1):126-31.   DOI
25 McCance AM, Moss JP, Fright WR, Linney AD, James DR. Three-dimensional analysis techniques--Part 2: Laser scanning: a quantitative three-dimensional soft-tissue analysis using a color-coding system. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 1997;34:46-51.   DOI   ScienceOn