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Histologic and biomechanical characteristics of orthodontic self-drilling and self-tapping microscrew implants  

Park, Hyo-Sang (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University)
Yen, Shue (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University)
Jeoung, Seong-Hwa (Department of Biostatistics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
The korean journal of orthodontics / v.36, no.4, 2006 , pp. 295-307 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the histological and biomechanical characteristics of self-tapping and self-drilling microscrew implants. Methods: 112 microscrew implants (56 self-drilling and 56 self-tapping) were placed into the tibia of 28 rabbits. The implants were loaded immediately with no force, light (100 gm), or heavy force (200 gm) with nickel-titanium coil springs. The animals were sacrificed at 3- and 5-weeks after placement and histologic and histomorphometric analysis were performed under a microscope. Results: All microscrew implants stayed firm throughout the experiment. There was no significant difference between self-drilling and self-tapping microscrew implants both in peak insertion and removal torques. Histologic examinations showed there were more defects in the self-tapping than the self-drilling microscrew implants, and newly formed immature bone was increased at the interface in the self-tapping 5-week group. There was proliferation of bone towards the outer surface of the implant and/or toward the marrow space in the self-drilling group. Histologically, self-drilling microscrew implants provided more bone contact initially but the two methods became similar at 5 weeks. Conclusion: These results indicate the two methods can be used for microscrew implant placement, but when using self-tapping microscrew implants, it seems better to use light force in the early stages.
Keywords
Microscrew implant; Pilot drill; Bone-implant contact; Removal torque;
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