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Formulation of a reference coordinate system of three-dimensional head & neck images: Part II. Reproducibility of the horizontal reference plane and midsagittal plane  

Park, Jae-Woo (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University)
Kim, Nam-Kug (Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering Seoul National University)
Chang, Young-Il (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University)
Publication Information
The korean journal of orthodontics / v.35, no.6, 2005 , pp. 475-484 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the reproducibility of the horizontal and midsagittal planes, and to suggest a stable coordinate system for three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric analysis. Eighteen CT scans were taken and the coordinate system was established using 7 reference points marked by a volume model, with no more than 4 points on the same plane. The 3D landmarks were selected on V works (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea), then exported to V surgery (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea) to calculate the coordinate values. All the landmarks were taken twice with a lapse of 2 weeks. The horizontal and midsagittal planes were constructed and its reproducibility was evaluated. There was no significant difference in the reproducibility of the horizontal reference planes, But, FH planes were more reproducible than other horizontal planes. FH planes showed no difference between the planes constructed with 3 out of 4 points. The angle of intersection made by 2 FH planes, composed of both Po and one Or showed less than $1^{\circ}$ difference. This was identical when 2 FH planes were composed of both Or and one Po. But, the latter cases showed a significantly smaller error. The reproducibility of the midsagittal plane was reliable with an error range of 0.61 to $1.93^{\circ}$ except for 5 establishments (FMS-Nc, Na-Rh, Na-ANS, Rh-ANS, and FR-PNS). The 3D coordinate system may be constructed with 3 planes; the horizontal plane constructed by both Po and right Or; the midsagittal plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, including the midpoint of the Foramen Spinosum and Nc; and the coronal plane perpendicular to the horizontal and midsagittal planes, including point clinoidale, or sella, or PNS.
Keywords
3D landmark; Reproducibility; Horizontal reference plane; Midsagittal plane;
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