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A study on the effect of the magnitude of the gable bends on the tooth movement pattern during on-masse space closure in the maxillary dentition  

Chun, Youn-Sic (Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentisty, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University)
Row, Joon (Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentisty, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University)
Jung, Sang-Hyuk (Department of Preventive medicine, Ewha Womans University)
Kim, Hui-Jung (Division of Orthodontics, Mok-Dong Hospital, Ewha Womans University)
Publication Information
The korean journal of orthodontics / v.34, no.1, 2004 , pp. 33-45 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this experimental study was to determine appropriate magnitude of the Gable bends to produce maximum retraction of the anterior teeth. The Calorific Machine was used to illustrate the tooth movement in three dimension. The experimental teeth except the first premolar were embedded in the artificial alveolar bone part. In a series of experiments, the extraction space was closed using arch wires with bull loops into which the gable bends of $10^{\circ},\;20^{\circ},\;30^{\circ}$ degrees were incorporated. The experiments were repeated three times for each degree of the gable bend. Before and after the space closure, radiographs were taken in the sagittal and occlusal directions using occlusal films. Analysis of variance and Scheffe post hoc test were used to determine significant differences among the three groups. The following results were obtained. 1. As magnitudes of the gable bends increased, more bodily anterior tooth movement was seen and the distance of retraction also increased. 2. As magnitudes of the gable bends increase, the amount of posterior tooth protraction decreased while intrusive and buccal movement increased. 3. The arch was coordinated by distal-in rotation of the canine and mesial-in rotation of the second premolar adjacent to the extraction space.
Keywords
Gable bend; Space closure; Bull loop; Rotation;
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