Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.6108/KSPE.2021.25.6.066

Synthesis of Energetic Metal-free Cyclo-pentazolate Salts Through Efficient Preparation Method  

Kown, Kuktae (The 1st R&D Institute - 2nd Directorate, Agency for Defense Development)
Kim, Seunghee (The 1st R&D Institute - 2nd Directorate, Agency for Defense Development)
Lee, Sojung (The 1st R&D Institute - 2nd Directorate, Agency for Defense Development)
Yoo, Hae-Wook (The 1st R&D Institute - 2nd Directorate, Agency for Defense Development)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers / v.25, no.6, 2021 , pp. 66-73 More about this Journal
Abstract
The development of excellent high-energy materials has progressed in the direction of synthesizing compounds with high nitrogen content, ultimately oriented toward the form of polynitrogen. As cyclo-N5-, a type of polynitrogen, is synthesized as sodium pentazolate(NaN5) and the results of various metal and non-metal compounds have been studied, the usage of polynitrogen compounds is attracting attention. However, since the known synthesis and purification method of NaN5 are very extreme and complicated, it is essential to improve the process in order to increase the utility of the pentazolate compounds in the future. In this study, only a simple filtration method was applied to purify the NaN5, and based on this, two non-metal pentazolate salt compounds were successfully synthesized.
Keywords
High-Energy Density Materials; Polynitrogen; Pentazolate; Hydroxylammonium; Guanidininum;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Hammerl, A., Klapotke, T.M., Noth, H. and Warchhold, M., "[N2H5]+2[N4C-N=N-CN4]2-: A New High-Nitrogen High-Energetic Material," Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 40, No. 14, pp. 3570-3575, 2001.   DOI
2 Joo, Y.-H. and Shreeve, J., "1-Substituted 5-Aminotetrazoles: Syntheses from CNN3 with Primary Amines," Organic Letters, Vol. 10, No. 20, pp. 4665-4667, 2008.   DOI
3 Joo, Y.-H. and Shreeve, J., "Energetic Mono-, Di-, and Trisubstituted Nitroiminotetrazoles," Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 564-567, 2009.   DOI
4 Christe, K.O., Wilson, W.W., Sheehy, J.A. and Boatz, J.A., "N5+: A Novel Homoleptic Polynitrogen Ion as a HIgh Energy Density Material," Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 38, No. 13/14, pp. 2004-2009, 1999.   DOI
5 Christe, K., Wilson, W.W., Vij, A., Vij, V. and Boatz, J.A., "On the Existence of FN5, a Theoretical and Experimental Study," Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 107, No. 34, pp. 6638-6647, 2003.   DOI
6 Zhang, C., Sun, C., Hu, B., Yu, C. and Lu, M., "Synthesis and characterization of the pentazolate anion cyclo-N5- in (N5)6(H3O)3(NH4)4Cl," Science, Vol. 355, No. 6323, pp. 374-376, 2017.   DOI
7 Xu, Y., Wang, P., Lin, Q. and Lu, M., "A carbon-free inorganic-metal complex consisting of an all-nitrogen pentazole anion, a Zn(II) cation and H2O," Dalton Transactions, Vol. 46, No. 41, pp. 14088-14093, 2017.   DOI
8 Klapotke, T.M. and Sabate M., "Bistetrazoles: Nitrogen-Rich, High-Performing, Insensitive Energetic Compounds," Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 20, No. 11, pp. 3629-3637, 2008.   DOI
9 Xu. Y., Lin, Q., Wang, P. and Lu, M., "Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Properties of a Series of 3D Metal-Inorganic Frameworks Containing Pentazolate Anion," Chemistry an Asian Journal, Vol. 13, No. 13, pp. 1669-1673, 2018.   DOI
10 Xu, Y., Tian, L., Li, D., Wang, P. and Lu, M., "A series of energetic cyclo-pentazolate salts: rapid synthesis, characterization, and promising performance," Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, No. 20, pp. 12468-12479, 2019.   DOI
11 Tian, L., Xu, Y., Lin, Q., Wang, P. and Lu, M., "Syntheses of Energetic cyclo-Pentazolate Salts," Chemistry an Asian Journal, Vol. 14, No. 16, pp. 2877-2882, 2019.
12 Gao, H. and Shreeve, J., "Azole-Based Energetic Salts," Chemical Reviews, Vol. 111, No. 11, pp. 7377-7436.   DOI
13 Zhang, W., Wang, K., Li, J., Lin, Z., Song, S., Huang, S., Liu, Y., Nie, F. and Zhang, Q., "Stabilization of the Pentazolate Anion in a Zeolitic Architecture with Na20N60 and Na24N60 Nanocages," Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 57, No. 10, pp. 2592-2595, 2018.   DOI
14 Wilson, W.W., Vij, A., Vij, V., Bernhardt, E. and Christe, K.O., "Polynitrogen Chemistry: Preparation and Characterization of (N5)2SnF6, N5SnF5, and N5B(CF3)4," Chemistry A European Journal, Vol. 9, No. 12, pp. 2840-2844, 2003.   DOI
15 Xu, Y., Wang, Q., Shen, C., Lin, Q., Wang, P. and Lu, M., "A series of energetic metal pentazolate hydrates," Nature, Vol. 549, pp. 78-81, 2017.   DOI
16 Xu. Y., Lin, Q., Wang, P. and Lu, M., "Stabilization of the Pentazolate Anion in Three Anhydrous and Metal-Free Energetic Salts," Chemistry an Asian Journal, Vol. 13, No. 8, pp. 924-928, 2018.   DOI
17 Vij, A., Wilson, W.W., Vij, V., Tham, F.S., Sheehy, J.A. and Christe, K.O., "Polynitrogen Chemistry. Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of Surprisingly Stable Fluoroantimonate Salts of N5+," Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 123, No. 26, pp. 6308-6313, 2001.   DOI