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http://dx.doi.org/10.4047/jap.2021.13.3.160

Color stability of 3D-printed denture resins: effect of aging, mechanical brushing and immersion in staining medium  

Alfouzan, Afnan Fouzan (Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University)
Alotiabi, Hadeel Minife (College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences)
Labban, Nawaf (Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University)
Al-Otaibi, Hanan Nejer (Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University)
Taweel, Sara Mohammad Al (Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University)
AlShehri, Huda Ahmed (College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences)
Publication Information
The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics / v.13, no.3, 2021 , pp. 160-171 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose. This in-vitro study evaluated and compared the color stability of 3D-printed and conventional heat-polymerized acrylic resins following aging, mechanical brushing, and immersion in staining medium. Materials and methods. Forty disc-shaped specimens (10 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick) were prepared from two 3D-printed [DentaBASE (DB) and Denture 3D+ (D3D)] and one conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture materials. The specimens were thermo-cycled, subjected to mechanical brushing, and were immersed in either coffee, lemon juice, coke, or artificial saliva (AS) to simulate one and two years of oral use. Color measurements of the specimens were recorded by a spectrophotometer at baseline (T0), and after one (T1) and two years (T2) of simulation. The color changes (ΔE) were determined and also quantified according to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) units. Descriptive statistics, followed by factorial ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test (α=.05), were applied for data analysis. Results. The independent factors, namely material, staining medium, and immersion time, and interaction among these factors significantly influenced ΔE (P<.009). Irrespective of the materials, treatments, and time, the highest and the lowest mean ΔEs were observed for PMMA in lemon juice (4.58 ± 1.30) and DB in AS (0.41 ± 0.18), respectively. Regarding the material type, PMMA demonstrated the highest mean ΔE (2.31 ± 1.37), followed by D3D (1.67 ± 0.66), and DB (0.85 ± 0.52), and the difference in ΔE between the materials were statistically significant (P<.001). All the specimens demonstrated a decreased color changes at T2 compared to T1, and this difference in mean ΔE was statistically significant (P<.001). Conclusion. The color changes of 3D-printed denture resins were low compared to conventional heat polymerized PMMA. All the tested materials, irrespective of the staining medium used, demonstrated a significant decrease in ΔE values over time.
Keywords
3D-printing; CAD/CAM technologies; Stereolithography; Polymethylmethacrylate; Colour change; Acrylic resins;
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