Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2011.11.4.092

Comparing of Blind Watermarking Method using DWT and CAT  

Gong, Hui (전북대학교 전자공학부)
Shin, Jin-Wook (전북대학교 BK21 전자정보 고급인력양성사업단)
Yoon, Sook (목포대학교 멀티미디어공학과)
Park, Dong-Sun (전북대학교 IT융합연구센터)
Publication Information
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel blind digital watermarking method based on a cellular automata transform (CAT). CAT is based on dynamic systems known as cellular automata(CA) and uses transform bases which are differently defined by a rule number, the number of neighbors, the number of cells, and an initial state, etc. The proposed CAT based method is compared with a blind watermarking method based on DWT which is commonly used for a domain transform in signal processing. We analyse properties on changes of DWT coefficients and CAT coefficients under various attacks and determine optimal parameters for a watermarking method robust to attacks. The simulations show that the watermarked images with high PSNR and MSSIM look visually identical to originals and are robust against most of typical image processing attacks. Moreover, the proposed CAT based watermarking method is superior to the DWT based one in robustness to most of typical image processing attacks including JPEG compression, median and average filtering, scaling, cropping, and histogram equalization.
Keywords
Watermark; Blind Watermark; Cellular Automata Transform; Discrete Wavelet Transform; Basis function; Copyright Protection; Robustness;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 X. W. Zhu and L. Xiao, "Research of Blind Watermark Detection Algorithm Based on Wavelet and Contourlet Transform Domain," In Proc. EBISS'09, pp.1-5, 2009.
2 O. Lafe, "Data compression and encryption using cellular automata transforms," Engng. Applic. Artif. Intell., Vol.10, No.6, pp.581-591, 1997.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 R. Shiba, S. Kang, and Y. Aoki, "An image watermarking technique using cellular automata transform," TENON 2004 IEEE Region 10 Conference, Vol.1, pp.303-306, 2004.   DOI
4 V. H. Mankar, T. S. Das, and S. K. Sarkar. "Cellular Automata Based Robust Watermarking Architecture towards the VLSI Realization," World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol.31, pp.20-29, 2007.
5 박영일, 김석태, "다 해상도 특성을 갖는 2D 셀룰러 오토마타 변환을 이용한 디지털 워터마킹", 한국통신학회논문지, 제34권, 제1호, 2009.   과학기술학회마을
6 S. Wolfram, "Statistical mechanics of cellular automata," Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol.55, pp.601-644, 1983.   DOI
7 R. J. Chen, C. F Tai, and J. L. Lai, "Novel CAT Wavelets-based Image Coding System," in Proc IEEE ISCE, pp.1-6, 2007(6).   DOI
8 F. Liu, K. Han, and C. Z. Wang, "A novel blind watermark algorithm based On SVD and DCT," in Proc. IEEE ICICISYS, Vol.4, pp.283-286, 2009.   DOI
9 Y. T. Zhao, Y. F. Ma, and Z. Q. Li. "A robust chaos-based DCT-domain watermarking algorithm," in Proc. IEEE CSSE, Vol.3, pp.935-938, 2009.   DOI
10 W. H. Lin, S. J. Horng, T. W. Kao, and P. Z. Fan, "An Efficient Watermarking Method Based on Significant Difference of Wavelet Coefficient Quantization," IEEE Trans. on Multimedia, Vol.10, No.5, pp.746-757, 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 G. Zhang, S. Wang, and Q. Wen, "An adaptive block-based blind watermarking algorithm," In Proc. IEEE ICSP, pp.2294-2297, 2004.   DOI
12 S. P. Maity and M. K. Kundu, "DHT domain digital watermarking with low loss in image informations," AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol.64, pp.243-257, 2010.   DOI   ScienceOn