Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12717/DR.2015.19.4.181

Expression of Immune-Related Genes during Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) Embryonic and Early Larval Development  

Lee, Jang Wook (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Kim, Jung Eun (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Goo, In Bon (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Hwang, Ju-Ae (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Im, Jea Hyun (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Choi, Hye-Sung (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Lee, Jeong-Ho (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Publication Information
Development and Reproduction / v.19, no.4, 2015 , pp. 181-187 More about this Journal
Abstract
Early life stage mortality in fish is one of the problems faced by loach aquaculture. However, our understanding of immune system in early life stage fish is still incomplete, and the information available is restricted to a few fish species. In the present work, we investigated the expression of immune-related transcripts in loach during early development. In fishes, recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG-1) and sacsin (SACS) have been considered as immunological function. In this study, the expression of the both genes was assessed throughout the early developmental stages of loach using real-time PCR method. maRAG-1 mRNA was first detected in 0 dph, observed the increased mostly until 40 dph. Significant expression of maRAG-1 was detected in 0 to 40 dph. These patterns of expression may suggest that the loach start to develop its function after hatching. On the other hand, maSACS was detected in unfertilized oocyte to molura stages and 0 to 40 dph. maSACS mRNA transcripts were detected in unfertilized oocytes, suggesting that they are maternally transferred.
Keywords
Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus); Embryo; Larvae; RAG-1; SACS; Gene expression;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Anderson JF, Siller E, Barral JM (2011) The neurodegenerative- disease-related protein sacsin is a molecular chaperone. J Mol Biol 411:870-880.   DOI
2 Corripio-Miyar Y, Bird S, Treasurer JW, Secombes CJ (2007) RAG-1 and IgM genes, markers for early development of the immune system in the gadoid haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, L. Fish Shellfish Immunol 23:71-85.   DOI
3 Covello JM, Bird S, Morrison RN, Bridle AR, Battaglene SC, Secombes CJ, Nowak BF (2013) Isolation of RAG-1 and IgM transcripts from the striped trumpeter (Latris lineata), and their expression as markers for development of the adaptive immune response. Fish Shellfish Immunol 34:778-788.   DOI
4 Danilova N, Steiner LA (2002) B cells develop in the zebrafish pancreas. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:13711-13716.   DOI
5 Ellis AE (1988) Ontogeny of the immune system in teleost fish. In: Ellis AE (ed) Fish Vaccination, Academic Press, London, pp20-31.
6 Fan SG, Zhang QY, Luo C (2009) Sequence cloning and expression analysis of RAG genes in goldfish. Acta Hydrobiologica Sin 33:603-612.   DOI
7 Hori TS, Gamperl AK, Booman M, Nash GW, Rise ML (2012) A moderate increase in ambient temperature modulates the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) spleen transcriptome response to intraperitoneal viral mimic injection. BMCGenomics 13:431.   DOI
8 Huttenhuis HBT, Huisinga MO, Meulen T, Oosterhoud CN, Sanchez NA, Taverne-Thiele AJ, Strobandc HWJ, Rombouta HWM (2005) Rag expression identifies B and T cell lymphopoietic tissues during the development of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Dev Comp Immunol 29:1033-1047.   DOI
9 Kozlov G, Denisov AY, Girard M, Dicaire M, Hamlin J, McPherson PS, Brais B, Gehring K (2011) Structural basis of defects in the Sacsin HEPN domain responsible for autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS). J Biol Chem 286:20407-20412.   DOI
10 Mao M-G, Lei J-L, Alex P-M, Hong W-S, Wang K-J (2012) Charaterization of RAG1 and IgM (mu chain) marking development of the immune system in red-spotted grouper (Epiniphelus akaara). Fish Shellfish Immunol 33:725-735.   DOI
11 Ruangsri J, Salger SA, Caipang CMA, Kiron V, Fernandes JMO (2012) Differential expression and biological activity of two piscidin paralogues and a novel splice variant in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.). Fish Shellfish Immunol 32:396-406.   DOI
12 Nagaoka H, Yu W, Nussenzweig MC (2000) Regulation of RAG expression in developing lymphocytes. Curr Opin Immunol 12:187-190.   DOI
13 Qin CG, Huang KX, Xu HB (2002) Protective effect of polysaccharides fromthe loach on the in vitro and in vivo peroxidative damage of hepatocyte. J Nutr Biochem 13:592-597.   DOI
14 Rise ML, Hall JR, Rise M, Hori TS, Browne MJ, Gamperl AK, Hubert S, Kimball J, Bowman S, Johnson SC (2010) Impact of asymptomatic nodavirus carrier state and intraperitoneal viral mimic injection on brain transcript expression in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Physiol Genomics 42:266-280.   DOI
15 Seppola M, Johnsen H, Mennen S, Myrnes B, Tveiten H (2009) Maternal transfer and transcriptional onset of immune genes during ontogenesis in Atlantic cod. Dev Comp Immunol 33:1205-1211.   DOI
16 Shen XX, Liang D, Wen JZ, Zhang P (2011) Multiple genome alignments facilitate development of NPCL markers: A case study of tetrapod phylogeny focusing on the position of turtles. Mol Biol Evol 28:3237-3252.   DOI
17 Shen XX, Liang D, Zhang P (2012) The development of three long universal nuclear protein-coding locus markers and their application to osteichthyan phylogenetics with nested PCR. PLoS One 7:e39256.   DOI
18 Tatner MF (1996) Natural changes in the immune system of fish. In: Iwama, G, Nakanishi T (Eds), The Fish Immune System Organism, Pathogen and Environment, Academic Press San Diego CA, pp255-287.
19 Willett CE, Cherry JJ, Steiner LA (1997) Characterization and expression of the recombination activating genes (rag1 and rag2) of zebrafish. Immunogenetics 45:394-404.   DOI
20 Vadstein O (1997) The use of immunostimulation in marine larviculture: Possibilities and challenges. Aquaculture 155:401-417.   DOI
21 Workenhe ST, Rise ML, Kibenge MJT, Kibenge FSB (2010) The fight between the teleost fish immune response and aquatic viruses. Mol Immunol 47:2525-2536.   DOI
22 Zapata A, Diez B, Cejalvo T, Gutierrez-de Frias C, Cortes A (2006) Ontogeny of the immune system of fish. Fish Shellfish Immunol 20:126-136.   DOI
23 Zapata AG, Torroba M, Varas A, Jimenez E (1997) Immunity in fish larvae. Dev Biol Stand 90:23-32.
24 Zhang QY, Fan SG, Luo C (2009) Sequence cloning and expression analysis of recombination active gene 1 and 2 in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus. Acta Hydrobiologica Sin 33:795-803.   DOI