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Tributyltin Induces Adipogenesis and Apoptosis of Rat Thymic Epithelial Cells  

Lee, Hyo-Jin (Dept. of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University)
Lee, A-Ra (Dept. of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University)
Ahn, Bo-Ram (Dept. of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University)
Jeon, Eun-Je (Dept. of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University)
Jeong, Ye-Ji (Dept. of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University)
Yang, Hyun-Won (Dept. of Bioenvironmental Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University)
Publication Information
Development and Reproduction / v.15, no.4, 2011 , pp. 373-383 More about this Journal
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is one of endocrine disrupters which are known as having similar function to sex steroid hormone inducing apoptosis in various tissues of rodents. Recently, it has been reported that TBT induces apoptosis in thymus causing the decreased thymic function, but little is known about the mechanism. To elucidate the mechanism, three-week-old SD female rats were orally administrated with TBT 1, 10, and 25 mg per body weight (kg) and sesame oil as a control for 7 days. On day 8, the thymi were obtained and weighed, and then the number of thymocytes was counted. We also performed H&E staining, TUNEL assay, and Annexin V flow cytometric analysis to examine the apoptosis rates and the structure in the thymus. Next, we investigated the adipogenesis and apoptosis-related mRNA expression levels in the thymi by real-time PCR. The thymic weight and the number of thymocytes were decreased by TBT in a dose-dependent manner. As a result of the H&E staining, the boundary between cortical and medullary area was blurred in the thymi of TBT treated rats compared to those of controls. In the results of TUNEL assay and Annexin V flow cytometric analysis, apoptosis rates in the thymus were increased after TBT treatment. The expression levels of thymic epithelial cell marker genes such as EVA, KGF, AIRE, and IL-7 were significantly decreased in the thymi of TBT treated rats, but $PPAR{\gamma}$, aP2, PEPCK, and CD36 were significantly increased. The expression of $TNF{\alpha}$ and TNFR1 as apoptosis-related genes also was significantly increased after TBT treatment. The present study demonstrates that TBT can increase the expression of adipogenesis and apoptosis-related genes leading to apoptosis in the thymus. These results suggest that the increased adipogenesis of thymus by TBT exposure might induce apoptosis in the thymus resulting in a loss in thymic immune function.
Keywords
Adipogenesis; Apoptosis; Immunity; Thymic epithelial cell; Tributyltin;
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