Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.17946/JRST.2020.43.4.259

Analysis of Scattering Rays and Shielding Efficiency through Lead Shielding for 0.511 MeV Gamma Rays Based on Skin Dose  

Jang, Dong-Gun (Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences Cancer center)
Park, Eun-Tae (Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University)
Publication Information
Journal of radiological science and technology / v.43, no.4, 2020 , pp. 259-264 More about this Journal
Abstract
Radiation causes radiation hazards in the human body. In Korea, a case of radiation necrosis occurred in 2014. In this study, the scatter and shielding efficiency according to lead shielding were classified into epidermis and dermis for 0.511 MeV used in nuclear medicine. In this study, experiments were conducted using the slab phantom that represents calibration and the dose of human trunk. Experimental results showed that the shielding rate of 0.25 mmPb was 180% in the epidermis and 96% in the dermis. Shielding at 0.5mmPb showed shielding rates of 158%in the epidermis and 82% in the dermis. As a result of measuring the absorbed dose by subdividing the thickness of the dermis into 0.5 mm intervals, when the shielding was carried out at 0.25 mmPb, the dose appeared to be about 120% at 0.5 mm of the dermis surface, and the dose was decreased at the subsequent depth. Shielding at 0.5 mmPb, the dose appeared to be about 101% at the surface 0.5 mm, and the dose was measured to decrease at the subsequent depth. This result suggests that when lead aprons are actually used, the scattering rays would be sufficiently removed due to the spaces generated by the clothes and air, Therefore, the scattered ray generated from lead will not reach the human body. The ICRU defines the epidermis (0.07), in which the radiation-induced damage of the skin occurs, as the dose equivalent. If the radiation dose of the dermis is considered in addition, it will be helpful for the evaluation of the prognosis for radiation hazard of the skin.
Keywords
Scatter; Skin; Apron; PET/CT; Shielded;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 He X, Zhao R, Rong L, Yao K, Chen S, Wei B. Answers to if the lead aprons are really helpful in nuclear medicine from the perspective of spectroscopy. Radiat Prot Dosim. 2017;174(4):558-64.
2 Heggie J, Bigg-Wither G, Bowan S. Safety guide for radiation protection diagnostic and interventional radiology. Radiation Protection Series Publication; 2008: 1-68.
3 Holst JP, Burman KD, Atkins F, Umans JG, Jonklaas J. Radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Thyroid. 2005;15(12):1321-31.   DOI
4 Leide-Svegborn S. Radiation exposure of patients and personnel from a PET/CT procedure with 18F-FDG. Radiat Prot Dosim. 2010;139(1-3):208-13.   DOI
5 Dale LB, David WT, Peter EV, Michael NM. Positron Emission Tomography. Springer; 2005: 251-265.
6 Hopewell JW. The skin: Its structure and response to ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 1990;57(4):751-73.   DOI
7 Srinivasan D, Than KD, Wang AC, La Marca F, Wang PI, Schermerhorn TC, et al. Radiation safety and spine surgery: Systematic review of exposure limits and methods to minimize radiation exposure. World Neurosurgery. 2014;82(6):1337-43.   DOI
8 Deb P, Jamison R, Mong L, UP. An evaluation of the shielding effectiveness of lead aprons used in clinics for protection against ionising radiation from novel radioisotopes. Radiat Prot Dosim. 2015;165(1-4):443-7.   DOI
9 International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. Conversion coefficients for use in radiological protection against external radiation. ICRU Publication 57; 1998.
10 Shim DM, Kim YM, Oh SK, Lim CM, Kown BT. Radiation induced hand necrosis of an orthopaedic surgeon who had treated a patient with fluoroscopy-guided spine injection. Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association. 2014;49(3):250-4.   DOI
11 International Commission on Radiation Protection. Conversion coefficients for use in radiological protection against external radiation. ICRP Publication 74; 1996.
12 International Commission on Radiation Protection. Adult reference computational phantoms. ICRP Publication 110; 2009.
13 International Commission on Radiation Protection. Basic Aanatomical and Physiological Data for use in Radiological Protection: Reference Values. ICRP Publication 89; 2002.
14 Aminian M, Bakhshandeh M, Allahbakhshian-Farsani M, Bakhshandeh E, Shakeri N. Comparison of the protection performance in a composite shield and a lead standard shield in terms of biological effects in nuclear medicine. Iranian Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 2017;25(2):129-35.
15 Young AM. Dose rates in nuclear medicine and the effectiveness of lead aprons: Updating the department's knowledge on old and new procedures. Nucl Med Commun. 2013;34(3):254-64.   DOI
16 Jang DG, Kang S, Kim J, Kim C. An analysis of exposure dose on hands of radiation workers using a Monte Carlo simulation in nuclear medicine. Journal of Radiological Science and Technology. 2015;38(4):477-82.   DOI
17 Jang DG, Lee SH, Choi HS, Son JC, Yoon CY, Ji YS, et al. A study on the apron shielding ratio according to electromagnetic radiation energy. Journal of Radiological Science and Technology. 2014;37(4):247-52.
18 Moore B, VanSonnenberg E, Casola G, Novelline RA. The relationship between back pain and lead apron use in radiologists. Am J Roentgenol. 1992;158(1):191-3.   DOI
19 Hejazi P, Sohrabi MAHDI. Staff radiation doses associated with nuclear procedures and efficacy of syringe shield for reduction dose. Koomesh. 2001;2(2):117-22.