Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14698/jkcce.2020.16.06.071

Preschoolers' Behavioral Inhibition and Anxiety: Mediating Effects of Maternal Overprotective Parenting and Autonomy Support  

Lee, Haram (이화여대 아동학과)
Shin, Nana (이화여대 아동학과)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Childcare and Education / v.16, no.6, 2020 , pp. 71-88 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the direct effect of preschoolers' behavioral inhibition and indirect effects through maternal overprotective parenting and autonomy support on preschoolers' anxiety. Methods: A total of 295 preschoolers and their mothers were the subjects of this study. Mothers completed a questionnaire that included measures of their parenting behavior, preschoolers' behavioral inhibition and anxiety. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: First, preschoolers' behavioral inhibition had a direct effect on their anxiety. Preschoolers with higher behavioral inhibition displayed higher levels of anxiety. Second, maternal overprotective parenting mediated the relationship between preschoolers' behavioral inhibition and anxiety. Third, maternal autonomy support mediated the relationship between preschoolers' behavioral inhibition and anxiety. Conclusion/Implications: The findings of this study emphasize the importance of reducing maternal overprotective parenting and promoting autonomy support to prevent preschoolers' anxiety. These findings could be used as a foundation for developing parent education programs for mothers with behaviorally inhibited preschoolers.
Keywords
behavioral inhibition; overprotective parenting; autonomy support; anxiety;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Gibler, R. C., Kalomiris, A. E., & Kiel, E. J. (2018). Paternal anxiety in relation to toddler anxiety: The mediating role of maternal behavior. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 49(4), 512-522. doi:10.1007/s10578-017-0771-7   DOI
2 Gloggler, B., & Pauli-Pott, U. (2008). Different fear-regulation behaviors in toddlerhood: Relations to preceding infant negative emotionality, maternal depression, and sensitivity. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 54(1), 86-101. doi:10.1353/mpq.2008.0013   DOI
3 Grolnick, W. S., & Ryan, R. M. (1989). Parent styles associated with children's self-regulation and competence in school. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(2), 143-154. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.81.2.143   DOI
4 Grolnick, W. S., Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (1991). Inner resources for school achievement: Motivational mediators of children's perceptions of their parents. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83(4), 508-517. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.83.4.508   DOI
5 Gullone, E. (2000). The development of normal fear: A century of research. Clinical Psychology Review, 20(4), 429-451. doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(99)00034-3   DOI
6 Hirshfeld, D. R., Rosenbaum, J. F., Biederman, J., Bolduc, E. A., Faraone, S. V., Snidman, N., et al. (1992). Stable behavioral inhibition and its association with anxiety disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(1), 103-111. doi:10.1097/00004583-199201000-00016   DOI
7 Hirshfeld-Becker, D. R., Micco, J., Henin, A., Bloomfield, A., Biederman, J., & Rosenbaum, J. (2008). Behavioral inhibition. Depression and Anxiety, 25(4), 357-367. doi:10.1002/da.20490   DOI
8 Fox, N. A., Henderson, H. A., Marshall, P. J., Nichols, K. E., & Ghera, M. M. (2005). Behavioral inhibition: Linking biology and behavior within a developmental framework. Annual Review of Psychology, 56(1), 235-262. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141532   DOI
9 Fox, N. A., Henderson, H. A., Rubin, K. H., Calkins, S. D., & Schmidt, L. A. (2001). Continuity and discontinuity of behavioral inhibition and exuberance: Psychophysiological and behavioral influences across the first four years of life. Child Development, 72(1), 1-21. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00262   DOI
10 Howard, M., Muris, P., Loxton, H., & Wege, A. (2017). Anxiety-Proneness, anxiety symptoms, and the role of parental overprotection in young South African children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26(1), 262-270. doi:10.1007/s10826-016-0545-z   DOI
11 Wichstrom, L., Belsky, J., & Berg-Nielsen, T. S. (2013). Preschool predictors of childhood anxiety disorders: A prospective community study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(12), 1327-1336. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12116   DOI
12 Williams, G. C., & Deci, E. L. (1996). Internalization of biopsychosocial values by medical students: A test of self-determination theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(4), 767-779. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.4.767   DOI
13 Wittchen, H. U., & Essau, C. A. (1993). Comorbidity and mixed anxiety-depressive disorders: Is there epidemiologic evidence? The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 54(1), 9-15.
14 Wolff, J. C., & Ollendick, T. H. (2006). The comorbidity of conduct problems and depression in childhood and adolescence. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 9(3-4), 201-220. doi:10.1007/s10567-006-0011-3   DOI
15 Wood, J. J., McLeod, B. D., Sigman, M., Hwang, W. C., & Chu, B. C. (2003). Parenting and childhood anxiety: Theory, empirical findings, and future directions. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44(1), 134-151. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00106   DOI
16 Woodruff-Borden, J., & Leyfer, O. T. (2006). Anxiety and fear. In M. Hersen (Ed.), Clinician's handbook of child behavioral assessment (pp. 267-289). Cambridge, MA: Academic Press. doi:10.1016/B978-012343014-4/50012-5   DOI
17 Partridge, T. (2003). Biological and caregiver correlates of behavioral inhibition. Infant and Child Development, 12(1), 71-87. doi:10.1002/icd.266   DOI
18 Maag, B., Phelps, R. A., & Kiel, E. J. (2020). Do maternal parenting behaviors indirectly link toddler dysregulated fear and child anxiety symptoms? Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 1-11. doi:10.1007/s10578-020-01004-6   DOI
19 Majdandzic, M., Moller, E. L., de Vente, W., Bogels, S. M., & van den Boom, D. C. (2014). Fathers' challenging parenting behavior prevents social anxiety development in their 4-year-old children: A longitudinal observational study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42(2), 301-310. doi:10.1007/s10802-013-9774-4   DOI
20 Neitzel, C., & Stright, A. D. (2004). Parenting behaviours during child problem solving: The roles of child temperament, mother education and personality, and the problem-solving context. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28(2), 166-179. doi:10.1080/01650250344000370   DOI
21 Paulus, F. W., Backes, A., Sander, C. S., Weber, M., & von Gontard, A. (2015). Anxiety disorders and behavioral inhibition in preschool children: A population-based study. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 46(1), 150-157. doi:10.1007/s10578-014-0460-8   DOI
22 홍향기 (2015). 어머니의 양육태도가 유아의 문제행동에 미치는 영향: 아버지의 양육참여도 매개효과. 중앙대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
23 Paulussen-Hoogeboom, M. C., Stams, G. J. J., Hermanns, J. M., Peetsma, T. T., & van den Wittenboer, G. L. (2008). Parenting style as a mediator between children's negative emotionality and problematic behavior in early childhood. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 169(3), 209-226. doi:10.3200/GNTP.169.3.09-226   DOI
24 Rapee, R. M. (2001). The development of generalised anxiety. In M. W. Vasey & M. R. Dadds (Eds.), The development psychopathology of anxiety (pp. 481-504). New York: Oxford University Press.
25 Hudson, J. L., Dodd, H. F., & Bovopoulos, N. (2011). Temperament, family environment and anxiety in preschool children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39(7), 939-951. doi:10.1007/s10802-011-9502-x   DOI
26 Kagan, J. (2003). Behavioral inhibition as a temperamental category. In R. J. Davidson, K. R. Scherer, & H. H. Goldsmith (Eds.), Handbook of affective sciences (pp. 320-331). New York: Oxford University Press.
27 Kagan, J., Reznick, J. S., & Snidman, N. (1988). Biological bases of childhood shyness. Science, 240(4849), 167-171. doi:10.1126/science.3353713   DOI
28 Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the child behavior checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Press.
29 Andreadakis, E., Laurin, J. C., Joussemet, M., & Mageau, G. A. (2020). Toddler temperament, parent stress, and autonomy support. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(11), 3029-3043. doi:10.1007/s10826-020-01793-3   DOI
30 Albano, A. M., & Krain, A. (2005). Anxiety and anxiety disorders in girls. In D. J. Bell, S. L. Foster, & E. J. Mash (Eds.), Handbook of behavioral and emotional problems in girls (pp. 79-116). Boston, MA: Springer.
31 Asendorpf, J. B. (1989). Shyness as a final common pathway for two different kinds of inhibition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(3), 481-492. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.3.481   DOI
32 Barlow, D. H. (2002). Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic. New York: Guilford.
33 Bishop, G., Spence, S. H., & McDonald, C. (2003). Can parents and teachers provide a reliable and valid report of behavioral inhibition? Child Development, 74(6), 1899-1917. doi:10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00645.x   DOI
34 Rubin, K. H., & Mills, R. S. (1991). Conceptualizing developmental pathways to internalizing disorders in childhood. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 23(3), 300-317. doi:10.1037/h0079019   DOI
35 Rapee, R. M., Kennedy, S. J., Ingram, M., Edwards, S. L., & Sweeney, L. (2010). Altering the trajectory of anxiety in at-risk young children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 167(12), 1518-1525. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09111619   DOI
36 Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (1992). Behavior assessment system for children. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.
37 Rubin, K. H., & Mills, R. S. (1990). Maternal beliefs about adaptive and maladaptive social behaviors in normal, aggressive, and withdrawn preschoolers. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 18(4), 419-435. doi:10.1007/BF00917644   DOI
38 Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Lens, W., Luyckx, K., Goossens, L., Beyers, W., et al. (2007). Conceptualizing parental autonomy support: Adolescent perceptions of promotion of independence versus promotion of volitional functioning. Developmental Psychology, 43(3), 633-646. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.633   DOI
39 Rubin, K. H., Nelson, L. J., Hastings, P., & Asendorpf, J. (1999). The transaction between parents' perceptions of their children's shyness and their parenting styles. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 23(4), 937-957. doi:10.1080/016502599383612   DOI
40 Shamir-Essakow, G., Ungerer, J. A., Rapee, R. M., & Safier, R. (2004). Caregiving representations of mothers of behaviorally inhibited and uninhibited preschool children. Developmental Psychology, 40(6), 899-910. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.6.899   DOI
41 Verhoeven, M., Bogels, S. M., & van der Bruggen, C. C. (2012). Unique roles of mothering and fathering in child anxiety: Moderation by child's age and gender. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 21(2), 331-343. doi:10.1007/s10826-011-9483-y   DOI
42 Edwards, S. L., Rapee, R. M., & Kennedy, S. (2010). Prediction of anxiety symptoms in preschool-aged children: Examination of maternal and paternal perspectives. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(3), 313-321. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02160.x   DOI
43 Bogels, S. M., & Brechman-Toussaint, M. L. (2006). Family issues in child anxiety: Attachment, family functioning, parental rearing and beliefs. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(7), 834-856. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.08.001   DOI
44 Chen, X., Hastings, P. D., Rubin, K. H., Chen, H., Cen, G., & Stewart, S. L. (1998). Child-rearing attitudes and behavioral inhibition in Chinese and Canadian toddlers: A cross-cultural study. Developmental Psychology, 34(4), 677-686. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.34.4.677   DOI
45 Chronis-Tuscano, A., Degnan, K. A., Pine, D. S., Perez-Edgar, K., Henderson, H. A., Diaz, Y., et al. (2009). Stable early maternal report of behavioral inhibition predicts lifetime social anxiety disorder in adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 48(9), 928-935. doi:10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181ae09df   DOI
46 Coplan, R. J., Prakash, K., O'Neil, K., & Armer, M. (2004). Do you "want" to play? Distinguishing between conflicted-shyness and social disinterest in early childhood. Developmental Psychology, 40(2), 244-258. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.2.244   DOI
47 Doh, H., & Falbo, T. (1999). Social competence, maternal attentiveness, and overprotectiveness: Only children in Korea. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 23(1), 149-162. doi:10.1080/016502599384044   DOI
48 정익중 (2012). 방임, 과보호, 사교육이 유아발달에 미치는 영향. 유아교육연구, 32(4), 255-278.
49 최유진, 오지현 (2017). 자기성찰지능과 모의 과보호가 초등학생의 우울에 미치는 영향. 정서.행동장애연구, 33(4), 313-331. doi:10.33770/JEBD.33.4.15   DOI
50 굿네이버스 (2016). 유아 정신건강 컨퍼런스 우리아이 마음알기. 부산: 굿네이버스 부산서부지부.
51 노보혜, 박성연, 지연경 (2011). 사회경제적 지위, 어머니의 학습관여 및 양육행동과 아동의 자기결정 동기 간의 관계. 아동학회지, 32(4), 83-97. doi:10.5723/KJCS.2011.32.4.83   DOI
52 박혜원 (2012). 유아의 기질 및 기질에 대한 어머니의 만족도가 유아의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 경로: 양육효능감과 양육태도를 매개변인으로. 이화여자대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
53 보건복지부 (2013). 영유아 지역정신건강증진사업 모델 개발. 서울: 보건복지부.
54 서윤희 (2013). 기질 및 긍정적 양육태도가 유아의 내재화 문제행동에 미치는 영향. 충북대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
55 이경숙, 신의진, 신동주, 전연진, 박진아 (2003). 한국판 영유아 행동문제 평가척도(Korean Behavior Assessment System for Children; K-BASC) 표준화 예비연구. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 16(4), 175-191.
56 이경숙, 신의진, 전연진, 박진아 (2004). 한국 유아 행동문제의 경향과 특성: 서울지역을 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 17(4), 53-73.
57 정영선 (2020). 유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 과보호 양육척도 개발 연구. 연세대학교 대학원 박사학위논문.
58 Kiel, E. J., & Buss, K. A. (2012). Associations among context-specific maternal protective behavior, toddlers' fearful temperament, and maternal accuracy and goals. Social Development, 21(4), 742-760. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2011.00645.x   DOI
59 Kiel, E. J., & Buss, K. A. (2014). Dysregulated fear in toddlerhood predicts kindergarten social withdrawal through protective parenting. Infant and Child Development, 23(3), 304-313. doi:10.1002/icd.1855   DOI
60 Lengua, L. J., & Kovacs, E. A. (2005). Bidirectional associations between temperament and parenting and the prediction of adjustment problems in middle childhood. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 26(1), 21-38. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2004.10.001   DOI