Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.15204/jkobgy.2011.24.2.001

Antibacterial Effects of Chungdae-tang Aqueous Extracts, and Their Combination Effects with Clindamycin against Gardnerella vaginalis In Vitro  

Kwon, Ji-Myung (Dept. of Oriental Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University)
Kim, Dong-Chul (Dept. of Oriental Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University)
Publication Information
The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology / v.24, no.2, 2011 , pp. 1-12 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the in vitro antibacterial effects of Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts, traditionally used for treating various gynecological diseases including vaginitis in Korea against Gardnerella vaginalis, and combination effects of Chungdae-tang extracts with Clindamycin were also monitored in this study. Methods: Antibacterial activities against Gardnerella vaginalis of Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts were detected using standard agar microdilution methods. In addition, the effects on the bacterial growth curve were also monitored at MIC and MIC${\times}$2 levels. The combination effects of Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts with Clindamycin were observed by Checkerboard microtiter assay, and the effects of bacterial growth curve treated with or Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts MIC+Clindamycin MIC, 1/2MIC and 1/4MIC, respectively. In the present study, Gardnerella vaginalis were incubated under $37^{\circ}C$, 10% $CO_2$; and bacterial growth curves were calculated at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120hrs after incubations. Results: MIC of Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts against Gardnerella vaginalis were detected as $3.906{\pm}2.344$(0.782~6.250) mg/$m\ell$, respectively. MIC of Clindamycin was detected as $0.010{\pm}0.006$(0.004~0.016) ${\mu}g/m\ell$ at same conditions. In addition, Clindamycin and Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts also showed marked dosage-dependent inhibition of bacterial growth, and more dramatical inhibitions were detected in Clindamycin+Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts MIC treatment as compared with each of single Clindamycin MIC and Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts MIC treatments, respectively. In addition, quite similar inhibitory effects on bacterial growth were detected in Clindamycin 1/4 MIC+Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts MIC treatment as compared with single Clindamycin MIC treatment in the present study. FIC index in combination of Chungdae-tang and Clindamycin were detected as $0.775{\pm}0.285$ (0.500~1.250) at Checkerboard microtiter assay. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study suggest that Chungdae-tang aqueous extracts showed antibacterial effects against Gardnerella vaginalis, and it also showed dosage-dependent inhibitory effects on the bacterial growth. In addition, combination treatment of Chungdae-tang aqueous extract with Clindamycin showed more potent inhibitory effects on the growth of Gardnerella vaginalis with FIC index $0.775{\pm}0.285$(0.500~1.250), respectively. It means, the combination of Chungdae-tang aqueous extract with Clindamycin is partially synergistic effects. It, therefore, is expected that effective dosages of Clindamycin will be reduced to 1/4 or over 1/4 levels as combination with Chungdae-tang extracts, respectively.
Keywords
Gardnerella vaginalis; Chungdae-tang; Clindamycin; MIC; synergistic effects;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Zhang L et al. High-throughput synergy screening identifies microbial metabolites as combination agents for the treatment of fungal infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104:4606-11.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Pleyer U, Torun N, Liesenfeld O. Ocular toxoplasmosis. Ophthalmologe. 2007;104 :603-15.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Fishman JA. Treatment of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998;42:1309-14.
4 Rossi S. Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd, Adelaide, 2006.
5 Starr J. Clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea:diagnosis and treatment. BMJ. 2005;331:498-501.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Pigrau C et al. Osteomyelitis of the jaw:resistance to clindamycin in patients with prior antibiotics exposure. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2009;28:317-23.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Muli F, Struthers JK. Use of a continuous-culture biofilm system to study the antimicrobial susceptibilities of Gardnerella vaginalis and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998;42:1428-32.
8 Altrichter T, Heizmann WR. Gardnerella vaginalis: transport, microscopy, testingresistance. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1994;54:606-11.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 최철순 등. 치자(梔子) 수용성 추출액의 결핵균 외의 기타 Mycobacteria에 대한 항균작용. 大韓微生物學會誌. 1986;21:53-62.
10 Wu J, Hu D, Wang KX. Study of Scutellaria baicalensis and Baicalin against antimicrobial susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori strains in vitro. ZhongYaoCai. 2008;31:707-10.
11 Fukai T et al. Antimicrobial activity of licorice flavonoids against methicillinresistant Staphylococcusaureus. Fitoterapia. 2002;73:536-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 He J et al. Antibacterial compounds from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. J Nat Prod. 2006;69:121-4.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Yang C et al. Determination of glycyrrhizic acid in different decoctions of sanaotang by HPLC and comparison with antifugal effects in vitro. ZhongguoZhongYaoZaZhi. 2007;32:1031-4.
14 Daum RS. Clinical practice. Skin and soft-tissue infections caused by methicillin -resistant Staphylococcusaureus. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:380-90.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Darley ES, MacGowan AP. Antibiotic treatment of gram-positive bone and joint infections. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004;53:928-35.   DOI
16 Russell. Clindamycin in the treatment of streptococcal and staphylococcal toxic shock syndromes. Ann Pharmacother. 2000;34:936-9.   DOI
17 Lamont RF. Can antibiotics prevent preterm birth--the pro and con debate. BJOG. 2005;112:67-73.   DOI
18 서권일 등. 택사 추출물의 항균 및 항산화 효과. 생명과학회지. 2000;10 :524-8.
19 Homer MJ et al. Babesiosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000;13:451-69.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 도정애. 택사의 항균 및 항진균 작용에 관한 연구. 생약학회지. 1996;27:378-82.
21 유시용 등. 당귀와 백지로부터 분리한 Coumarin계 물질들의 식물병원균에 대한 항균활성. 한국농약과학회지. 2001;5:26-35.
22 윤경원, 최성규. 당귀속 2종 식물의 항균활성. 한국자원식물학회지. 2004;17 :278-82.
23 Lee S et al. Antibacterial coumarins from Angelica gigas roots. Arch Pharm Res. 2003;26:449-52.   DOI
24 Yang D et al. Study on the inhibitory activity, invitro, of baicalein and baicalin against skin fungi and bacteria. ZhongYaoCai. 2000;23:272-4.
25 Pfaller MA et al. Multicenter evaluation of four methods of yeast inoculum preparation. J Clin Microbiol. 1988; 26:1437-41.
26 Yang ZC et al. The synergistic activity of antibiotics combined with eight traditional Chinese medicines against two different strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2005;41:79-81.   DOI
27 Pfaller MA et al. Standardized susceptibility testing of fluconazole: an international collaborative study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992; 36:1805-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Tenover FC et al. Characterization of staphylococci with reduced susceptibilities to vancomycin and other glycopeptides. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36:1020-7.
29 Janssen AM, Scheffer JJ, Baerheim SA. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils: a 1976-86 literature review. Aspects of the test methods. Planta Med. 1987;53:395-8.   DOI
30 Hauth JC et al. Reduced incidence of preterm delivery with metronidazole and erythromycin in women with bacterial vaginosis. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1732-6.   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Mayaud R. Tackling bacterial vaginosis in developing countries. Lancet. 1997; 350:530-1.   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Hillier SL. Clindamycin treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Rev Contemp Pharmacother. 1992;3:263-8.
33 Hay PE. Therapy of bacterial vaginosis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1998;41:6-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
34 대한한방부인과학 편찬위원회. 한방여성의학. 서울:정담. 2002:267-9.
35 김연희, 이흥식. Gardnerella vaginalis에 대한 한약재의 항균활성. 한국미생물.생명공학회지. 2006;34:70-3.
36 한복진, 우상규, 신현경. 목통(Akebia quinata Decaisne)의 물추출물이 Clostridium perfringens 및 주요 장내미생물의 생육에 미치는 영향. 산업미생물학회지. 1995;23:633-40.
37 김정균 등. 천연한약재 (목통, 삼릉, 치자) 추출물의 항산화효과 및 항균활성효과. 농업생명과학연구. 2003;37 :69-75.
38 Aroutcheva AA et al. Gardnerella vaginalis isolated from patients with bacterial vaginosis and from patients with healthy vaginal ecosystems. Clinical Infectious Disease. 2001;33 :1022-7.   DOI   ScienceOn
39 조성남. 질염. 대한산부인과학회 연수강좌. 2004;33:77-85.
40 임성민, 이동녕, 김형준. 질염에 대한가자, 차전자, 천궁, 포공영, 황금의 효과. 대한한방부인과학회지. 2004;17(4):34-45.
41 葛洪. 肘後備急方. 北京:人民衛生出版社. 1996:108.
42 김영훈. 청강의감. 서울:성보사. 2001:256, 379.
43 鞠潤範등. 方劑學. 서울:永林社. 2008:193-5.
44 윤상현, 나영설, 민병일. 龍膽瀉肝湯이 어성초에 의한 뇌졸중에 병발된 폐렴의 치험 3례. 경희의학. 1991;7(4):431-8.
45 윤정숙, 문희원, 이미애. 다제내성 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 균주의 항균제 병합효과. 대한임상미생물학회지. 2006;9:1-6.
46 Lee TY, Chang HH. Longdan Xiegan Tang has immunomodulatory effects on CD4+CD25+ T cells and attenuates pathological signs in MRL/lpr mice. Int J Mol Med. 2010;25(5):677-85.