Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2014.38.7.890

Effects of alloy elements on electrochemical characteristics improvement of stainless steel in sea water  

Lee, Jung-Hyung (Division of Marine Engineering, Mokpo Maritime University)
Choi, Yong-Won (Division of Marine Engineering, Mokpo Maritime University)
Jang, Seok-Ki (Division of Marine Engineering, Mokpo Maritime University)
Kim, Seong-Jong (Division of Marine Engineering, Mokpo Maritime University)
Publication Information
Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology / v.38, no.7, 2014 , pp. 890-899 More about this Journal
Abstract
Austenitic stainless steel is widely used in various industries due to its excellent corrosion resistance. However, Cr carbides precipitation along the grain boundaries after heat treatment or welding may develop Cr depleted zone, which acts as a preferential site for intergranular corrosion attack. To resolve this, carbon stabilizing element such as Ti or Nb are added to suppress formation of Cr carbides. However, there are few reports on corrosion characteristics under seawater environment of the stabilized stainless steel. This study investigated the effects of alloying contents on the electrochemical characteristics in seawater of stainless steel containing stabilizing element(Ti and Nb). To achieve this, the changes on the microstructure due to alloying were observed with microscope, and the electrochemical characteristics were determined by measurement of natural potential and potentiodynamic polarization experiments. The microscopic observation revealed that all specimens had inclusions other than the austenite matrix phase due to the addition of alloying elements. Such inclusions are considered to have different electrochemical characteristics from those of the matrix, and thus a clear distinction was found according to the type of stabilizers and the contents. The results of this study suggest that it is important to consider the effects of alloying contents on the electrochemical characteristics in seawater with the addition of Ti or Nb into austenitic stainless steel.
Keywords
stainless steel; seawater environment; electrochemical characteristics; inclusion; stabilizing element;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 K. M. Zhang, J. X. Zou, T. Grosdidier, C. Dong and D. Z. Yang, "Improved pitting corrosion resistance of AISI 316L stainless steel treated by high current pulsed electron beam", Surface and Coatings Technology, vol. 201, no. 3-4, pp. 1393-1400, 2006.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 T. Suter, T. Peter and H. Bohni, "Microelectrochemical investigations of MnS inclusions", Materials Science Forum, vol. 192-194, pp. 25-40, 1995.   DOI
3 I. Muto, D. Ito and N. Hara, "Microelectrochemical investigation on pit initiation at sulfide and oxide inclusions in type 304 stainless steel", Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 156, no.2, pp. C55-C61, 2009.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 N. J. E. Dowling, C. Duret-Thual, G. Auclair, J. P. Audouard and P. Combrade, "Effect of complex inclusions on pit initiation in 18% chromium-8% nickel stainless steel types 303, 304, and 321", Corrosion, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 343-355, 1995.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 S. C. Srivastava and M. B. Ives, "The role of titanium in the pitting corrosion of commercial stainless steels", Corrosion. vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 488-493, 1989.
6 "Standard specification for chromium and chromium-nickel stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip for pressure vessels and for general applications", West Conshocken, PA, USA, Standard ASTM A240/A240M, 2010.
7 R. Pascali, A. Benvenuti and D. Wenger, "Carbon content and grain size effects on the sensitization of AISI type 304 stainless steels", Corrosion, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 21-32, 1984.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 ASM Handbook: Stainless Steels, ASTM International, 1994.
9 G. Salvago and L. Magagnin, "Biofilm effect on the cathodic and anodic processes on stainless steel in seawater near the corrosion potential-part 2: Oxygen reduction on passive metal", Corrosion, vol. 57, no. 9, pp. 759-767, 2001.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 R. Johnsen and E. Bardal, "Cathodic properties of different stainless steels in natural seawater", Corrosion, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 296-302, 1985.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 J. E. Spruiell, J. E. Scott, C. S. Ary and R. L. Hardin, "Microstructural stability of thermal-mechanically pretreated type 316 austenitic stainless steel", Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 1533-1544, 1973.
12 D. Pecker and I. M. Bernstein, Handbook of Stainless Steel: McGraw Hill, 1977
13 Y. H. Lee and Y. S. Ahn, "Effect of Ti addition to STS 304 austenitic stainless steel on high temperature oxidation", Korean Journal of Metals and Materials, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 1514-1520, 1992 (in Korean).   과학기술학회마을
14 D. Y. Kim, "Mechanical properties and intergranular corrosion behaviors of welded AISI 304 stainless steels containing Nb", M.S., Graduate School of Industry, Chonnam National University, Korea, 2000 (in Korean).
15 A. Pardo, M. C. Merino, A. E. Coy, F. Viejo, R. Arrabal and E. Matykina, "Pitting corrosion behaviour of austenitic stainless steels-combining effects of Mn and Mo additions", Corrosion Science, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 1796-1806, 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 D. S. Kim, B. D. You, Y. K. Shin, Y. Lee and B. H. Youn, "Deoxidation and denitrogenization of 18%Cr-8%Ni stainless steel by Ti addition", Korean Journal of Metals and Materials, vol. 32, no. 10, pp. 1210-1218, 2002 (in Korean).   과학기술학회마을
17 M. Hashimoto, S. Miyajima and T. Murata, "A stochastic analysis of potential fluctuation during passive film breakdown and repair on iron", Corrosion Science, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 885-904, 1992.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 J. H. Jun, K. Holguin and G. S. Frankel, "Pitting corrosion of very clean type 304 stainless steel", Corrosion, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 146-155, 2013.
19 J. Stewart and D. E. Williams, "The initiation of pitting corrosion on austenitic stainless steel: on the role and importance of sulphide inclusions", Corrosion Science, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 457-463, 1992   DOI   ScienceOn
20 A. John Sedriks, Corrosion of Stainless Steels, Wiley, 1996.
21 D. Dulieu, "The role of niobium in austenitic and duplex stainless steels", International Symposium on Niobium, 2001.
22 Marcus and Philippe, Corrosion mechanisms in theory and practice: CRC Press, 2011.
23 K. S. Min, S. W. Nam and S. C. Lee, "Effects of TiC and $Cr_{23}C_6$ carbides at grain boundaries on the creep-fatigue interaction behaviors in AISI 321 stainless steel", Korean Journal of Metals and Materials, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 1048-1054, 2002 (in Korean).   과학기술학회마을
24 J. M. Lee, J. H. Yoon, M. W. Kim, B. S. Lee and S. I. Kwon, "The effects of microstructure and temperature on fatigue crack growth behavior of type 347 stainless steels", Korean Journal of Metals and Materials, vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 593-601, 2007 (in Korean).   과학기술학회마을
25 S. H. Lee, J. H. Kim, M. C. Kim, D. H. Chun and D. M. Wee, "Effects of Nb and Ti addition and surface treatments on the electrical conductivity of 316 stainless steel as bipolar plates for PEMFC", Korean Journal of Metals and Materials, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 44-50, 2002 (in Korean).   과학기술학회마을
26 L. K. Singhal and J. W. Martin, "The formation of ferrite and sigma-phase in some austenitic stainless steels", Acta Metallurgica, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 1441-1451, 1968.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 J. R. Davis, Stainless steels, ASM international, 1994.
28 B. Weiss and R. Stickler, "Phase instabilities during high temperature exposure of 316 austenitic stainless steel", Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 851-866, 1972.   DOI