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http://dx.doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2012.36.1.185

Wax Appearance Temperature Measurement of Opaque Oil for Flow Assurance in Subsea Petroleum Production System  

Lim, Jong-Se (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Back, Seung-Young (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Kang, Pan-Sang (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Yul, Seung-Ryul (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Kim, Hyo-Sang (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Park, Ji-Hong (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Publication Information
Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology / v.36, no.1, 2012 , pp. 185-194 More about this Journal
Abstract
Deepwater oil is becoming more attractive because most onshore and shallow water oil is developing or developed. With the on-going trend to deepwater oil developments, flow assurance problems which prevent oil flow from reservoir to processing facilities are becoming an issue because deposited material can be occurred in case oil is exposed to very different environment from reservoir. Wax deposition which is one of flow assurance problems can be a major technical and economic issue because it is very sensitive to temperature. In order to predict and mitigate wax problems, the precise measurement of wax appearance temperature (WAT) which is the starting temperature of wax precipitation is very important. Various methods have been suggested for WAT measurement of opaque oil because there is no standard method for opaque oil. In this study, the WAT of opaque oil samples was measured using viscosity measurement method, differential scanning calorimetry, filter plugging method, and pressurized filter plugging method. Wax deposition test and high temperature gas chromatography analysis were applied to verify measured WAT. As a result of study, the WAT of opaque oils was successfully measured and verified. If WAT measurement methods of opaque oil related to oil characteristics is systematized using the results of this study, it can be a valuable tool for WAT measurement of opaque oil and flow assurance related to wax deposition.
Keywords
Wax appearance temperature (WAT); Flow assurance; Petroleum production system; Opaque oil;
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