Browse > Article

Study on Mathematical Method of Radiation Heat Transfer for Estimating Width of Firebreak in Surface Fire  

Kim, Dong-Hyun (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation / v.10, no.6, 2010 , pp. 59-64 More about this Journal
Abstract
Building a firebreak against surface forest fire is a typical indirect suppression method that stops spread of flame by removing surface fuel, such as fallen leaves and bushes. In the sense of fire dynamic, building a firebreak is to set a section which will block thermal energy from igniting on virgin fuel. This study suggests and evaluates a calculation method for width of firebreak against surface fire for variant wind and slope conditions by applying the Point Source Model (PSM) to fallen leaves of Pinus densiflora. Width of firebreak was measured based on the distance the threshold radiant heat igniting Pinus densiflora fallen leaves at the heat flux of $4.9\;kW/m^2$ reaches. As a result, at the wind velocity of 0~5 m/s and on the slope of $0{\sim}50^{\circ}$, the appropriate width of a firebreak was 0.35~0.65 m for the mean flame height and 0.75~1.05 m for the maximum flame height. Accordingly, considering the factor of safety, the most appropriate width of a firebreak is 1.05 m based on the maximum flame height. Additional comparative analyses through experiments and field surveys are deemed necessary to determine appropriate widths of firebreak for different types of surface fuel.
Keywords
Forest fire; Surface fire; Firebreak line; Point source model; Radiative heat transfer;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 김동현 (2009a) 경사에 따른 화염각 변화와 지표 화염 확산에 관한 연구, 한국방재학회논문집, 한국방재학회, 제9권, 제5호, pp. 57-62.   과학기술학회마을
2 Kim D.H (2010) A study for surface fire behavior and flame spread model in forest fire. Ph.D Dissertation, Kyoto University.
3 Morandini F. Santono P.A. Balbi J.H. (2001) The contribution of radiant heat transfer to laboratory-scale fire spread under the influences of wind and slope. Fire Safety Journal 36. pp. 519- 543.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Guy R. McPherson, G. Allen Rasmussen, Henry A. Wright, Carltonm M. Britton (1986) Management notes "Getting Started in Prescribed Burning". Texas Tech University. pp. 1-6.
5 NWCG (2004) Fireline Handbook, A publication of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group PMS 410-1 NFES 0065. pp. 437.
6 Santoni P.A. Balbi J.H. (1998), Modelling of two-dimensional flame spread across a sloping fuel bed. Fire Safety Journal 31. pp. 201-225.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Mees R, Strauss D. and Chase R. (1993), Modeling Wildland Fire Containment With Uncertain Flame Length and Fireline Width. International Journal of Wildland Fire 3(3) pp. 179-185.   DOI
8 Clark T.L. Jenkins M.A, Coen J.L, Packham D.R. (1996), A Coupled Atmosphere-Fire Model: Role of the Convective Froude Number and Dynamic Fingering at the Fireline. International Journal of Wildland Fire, Vol. 6 No. 4, pp. 177-190.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 산림청 산림인력개발원 (2005) 산불진화대원 진화지침 p. 36.
10 김동현 (2009b) 낙엽층 화염높이 산정에 관한 연구, 한국화재소방학회 논문지. 한국화재소방학회, 제23권, 제6호, pp. 365-371.   과학기술학회마을
11 김동현 (2009c) 산불 지표화에서의 바람에 의한 화염각 변화 산정식 도출에 관한 준-수치해석 연구, 한국화재소방학회 논문지, 한국화재소방학회, 제 23권 5호, pp. 379-384.   과학기술학회마을
12 Albini, F.A. (1981) A model for the wind-blown flame from a line fire. Combust. Flame, 43, pp. 155-174.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Albini F.A (1985) A model for fire spread in wildland fuels by radiation. Combustion Sci. Technology. 42, pp. 229-58.   DOI
14 Andrew A.G. Wilson (1988), Width of firebreak that is necessary to stop grass fires: some field experiments. Can. J. For. Res. 18(6): pp. 682-687.   DOI
15 McCaffrey B. (1995), The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 2nd ed. Society of Fire Protection Engineers and National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.