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Analysis of Flood Characteristics at Confluence by Lateral Inflow  

Choi, Hung-Sik (상지대학교 건설시스템공학과)
Cho, Min-Suk (상지대학교 건설시스템공학과)
Park, Young-Seop (동호엔지니어링)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation / v.6, no.1, 2006 , pp. 59-68 More about this Journal
Abstract
Flow separation of recirculation zone by increasing of flow and change of its direction at confluence results in backwater due to conveyance reduction. The hydraulic characteristics of flow separation are analysed by experimental results of flow ratios of tributary and main streams and approaching angles. The boundary of flow separation by dimensionless length and width is defined by the streamline of zero and this definition agrees well to the existing investigation. Because flow separation doesn't appear in small flow ratio and approaching angle of $30^{\circ}$, the equation of flow separation with flow ratio and approaching angle is provided. In flow separation consideration and comparing with previous results, the existing equations of dimensionless length and width ratios by function of approaching angle, flow ratio, and downstream Froude number are modified and also contraction coefficient and shape factor are analysed. Dimensionless length and width ratios are proportional to the flow ratio and approaching angle. In analysis of water surface profiles, the backwater effects are proportional to the flow ratio and approaching angle and the magnitude at outside wall is greater than that of inside wall of main stream. The length, $X_l$ from the beginning of confluence to downstream of uniform flow, where the depth is equal to uniform depth, is characterized by width of stream, flow ratio, approaching angle, and contraction coefficient. The ratios between maximum water depth by backwater and minimum depth at separation are analysed.
Keywords
Confluence; Lateral inflow; Flow separation zone; Stream Line;
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