Browse > Article

Two Dimensional Size Effect on the Compressive Strength of Composite Plates Considering Influence of an Anti-buckling Device  

C. Soutis (Imperial College, Dept. of Aeronautics)
Publication Information
Composites Research / v.15, no.4, 2002 , pp. 23-31 More about this Journal
Abstract
The two dimensional size effect of specimen gauge section ($length{\;}{\times}{\;}width$) was investigated on the compressive behavior of a T300/924 $\textrm{[}45/-45/0/90\textrm{]}_{3s}$, carbon fiber-epoxy laminate. A modified ICSTM compression test fixture was used together with an anti-buckling device to test 3mm thick specimens with a $30mm{\;}{\times}{\;}30mm,{\;}50mm{\;}{\times}{\;}50mm,{\;}70mm{\;}{\times}{\;}70mm{\;}and{\;}90mm{\;}{\times}{\;}90mm$ gauge length by width section. In all cases failure was sudden and occurred mainly within the gauge length. Post failure examination suggests that $0^{\circ}$ fiber microbuckling is the critical damage mechanism that causes final failure. This is the matrix dominated failure mode and its triggering depends very much on initial fiber waviness. It is suggested that manufacturing process and quality may play a significant role in determining the compressive strength. When the anti-buckling device was used on specimens, it was showed that the compressive strength with the device was slightly greater than that without the device due to surface friction between the specimen and the device by pretoque in bolts of the device. In the analysis result on influence of the anti-buckling device using the finite element method, it was found that the compressive strength with the anti-buckling device by loaded bolts was about 7% higher than actual compressive strength. Additionally, compressive tests on specimen with an open hole were performed. The local stress concentration arising from the hole dominates the strength of the laminate rather than the stresses in the bulk of the material. It is observed that the remote failure stress decreases with increasing hole size and specimen width but is generally well above the value one might predict from the elastic stress concentration factor. This suggests that the material is not ideally brittle and some stress relief occurs around the hole. X-ray radiography reveals that damage in the form of fiber microbuckling and delamination initiates at the edge of the hole at approximately 80% of the failure load and extends stably under increasing load before becoming unstable at a critical length of 2-3mm (depends on specimen geometry). This damage growth and failure are analysed by a linear cohesive zone model. Using the independently measured laminate parameters of unnotched compressive strength and in-plane fracture toughness the model predicts successfully the notched strength as a function of hole size and width.
Keywords
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Apparent strength scaling in continuous fiber composite laminates /
[ Lavoie, J. A.;Soutis, C.;Morton, J. ] / Composite Science & Technology   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Is there are size effect in composites /
[ Zwen, C. ] / Composites   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Micrbuckling of fiber composite: the role of multi-axial loading and creep /
[ Slaughter, S.;Fleck, N. A.;Budiansky, B. ] / J. of Engineering Mater. Tech.
4 Is there thickness effect on compressive strength of unnothched composites /
[ Daniel, I. M.;Hsiao, H. M. ] / Int. J. Fracture   DOI
5 Test method for fiber tensile strength, composite flexural modulus and properties of fabric reinforced laminates /
[ Zwen, C.;Smith, W. S.;Wardle, M. W. ] / Composite Materials: Testing & Design, 5th Conf. ASTM STP674 (American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1979)
6 Compressive failure of notched carbon fibre-epoxy panels /
[ Soutis, C. ] / PhD Thesis, University of Cambridge
7 /
[ Faupel, J. H.;Fisher, A. E. ] / Engineering Desing: A Synthesis of Stress Analysis and Materials Engineering(2nd Edition)
8 Strength and failure mechanics of unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced plastics under axial compression /
[ Haberle J. G. ] / PhD Thesis, University of London
9 Selected mechanical physical properties of boron filaments /
[ Herring, H. W. ] / NASA TN D-3202
10 Metal aircraft structural elements reinforced with graphite filamentary composites /
[ Berg, K. R.;Ramsey, J. ] / NASA CR-112162
11 Kink-band failure analysis of thick composites in compression /
[ Componechi, E. T.;Gillespie, J. W.;Wilkins, D. J. ] / J. Composite Mater.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Macroscopic fracture mechanics of composite materials /
[ Waddoups, M. E.;Eisenmann, J. R.;Kaminski, B. E. ] / J. Composite Mater.   DOI
13 Failure prediction technique for compression loaded in carbon fibre-epoxy laminate with open hole /
[ Soutis, C.;Fleck N.A.;Smith, P.A. ] / Journal of Composite Materials   DOI
14 A method for predicting the fracture toughness of CFRP laminates failing by fiber microbuckling /
[ Soutis, C.;Curtis, P. T. ] / Composities   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Failure prediction techniques for compression loaded composite laminates with holes /
[ Mikulas, M. M. ] / NASA CP-2142
16 /
[] / Airbus Industrie Test Method, AITM 1.0008
17 The effect of specimen size on the bending strength of unidirectional carbon fiber-epoxy /
[ Wisnom, M. R. ] / Composite Structures   DOI   ScienceOn
18 /
[ EMRC ] / NISAII-Users Manual, (version5.2)
19 /
[ Savin, G.N. ] / Stress Concentratin around Holes
20 Strength of composite materials in flexure and in tension /
[ Bullock, R. E. ] / J. Composite Mater.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Effect of orthotropy and width on the compression strength of graphite-epoxy panels with holes /
[ Rhodes, M. D.;Mikulas, M. M.;McGowan, P. E. ] / AIAA Journal   DOI   ScienceOn