Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on Palytoxin Contamination in Korean Shellfish Using LC/MS/MS Analysis

LC/MS/MS 분석을 활용한 한국산 패류에서 Palytoxin 독소 오염도 조사 연구

  • Young-Sang Kim (Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University) ;
  • HyeWon Kim (Asia Glycomics Reference Site, Chungnam National University) ;
  • JaeYoung Yu (Asia Glycomics Reference Site, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Myung Jin Oh (Asia Glycomics Reference Site, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Nari Seo (Asia Glycomics Reference Site, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Hyun Joo An (Asia Glycomics Reference Site, Chungnam National University) ;
  • You Jin Jeon (Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University)
  • 김영상 (제주대학교 해양생명과학과) ;
  • 김혜원 (충남대학교 아시아-태평양 당분석 연구교육센터) ;
  • 유재영 (충남대학교 아시아-태평양 당분석 연구교육센터) ;
  • 오명진 (충남대학교 아시아-태평양 당분석 연구교육센터) ;
  • 서나리 (충남대학교 아시아-태평양 당분석 연구교육센터) ;
  • 안현주 (충남대학교 아시아-태평양 당분석 연구교육센터) ;
  • 전유진 (제주대학교 해양생명과학과)
  • Received : 2024.09.09
  • Accepted : 2024.10.07
  • Published : 2024.10.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Palytoxin (PLTX) is one of the most potent marine biotoxins and is primarily produced by species such as Ostreopsis, Palythoa, and Trichodesmium. This study investigates the PLTX contamination levels in shellfish distributed in Korea, an area where such contamination may pose a significant public health risk. With the increasing spread of toxic species owing to climate change, concerns regarding the presence of PLTX in edible seafood are rising. Shellfish samples were collected from various coastal regions in Korea between March and June 2023. The analysis of shellfish samples using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry showed no detectable levels of PLTX, indicating that shellfish distributed in Korea are not contaminated with PLTX. Thus, this finding suggests that consumption of Korean shellfish is safe.

Palytoxin (PLTX)는 자연계 해양생물독소 중 가장 강력한 독소로, 전 세계적으로 관리되지 않는 해양생물독소이다. PLTX는 Oetreopsis, Palythoa, Trichodesmium sp. 등에서 발견된다. 이러한 해양생물독소가 식용 해산물에서 발견될 경우, 공중보건에 심각한 위험을 초래할 수 있다. 기후변화로 인한 Ostreopsis sp.의 서식지 확장은 국내 수산식품의 PLTX 오염에 대한 우려를 불러일으킬 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 국내에 유통되는 국내산 패류에서 PLTX의 오염도 수준을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 실제 시료에서는 PLTX의 유의미한 농도가 검출되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 국내에서 생산되는 패류는 PLTX에 오염되지 않았음을 기기분석법으로 확인하였으며, 이는 패류 섭취에 대한 안전성을 제공한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2023년도 식품의약품안전처의 연구개발비(20163MFDS641)로 수행되었으며, 이에 감사드립니다.

References

  1. Uemura, D., Ueda, K., Hirata, Y., Naoki, H., Iwashita, T., Further studies on palytoxin. ii. structure of palytoxin. Tetrahedron Lett., 22, 2781-2784 (1981).
  2. Riobo, P., Franco, J.M., Palytoxins: biological and chemical determination. Toxicon, 57, 368-375 (2011).
  3. Cavion, F., Pelin, M., Ponti, C., Della Loggia, R., Tubaro, A., Sosa, S., Ecotoxicological impact of the marine toxin paly-toxin on the micro-crustacean artemia franciscana. Mar. Drugs, 20, 81 (2022).
  4. Carlin, M., Pelin, M., Ponti, C., Sosa, S., Tubaro, A., Functional and structural biological methods for palytoxin detection. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 10, 916 (2022).
  5. Suzuki, T., Watanabe, R., Uchida, H., Matsushima, R., Nagai, H., Yasumoto, T., Yoshimatsu, T., Sato, S., Adachi, M., Lc-Ms/Ms analysis of novel ovatoxin isomers in several ostreopsis strains collected in Japan. Harmful Algae, 20, 81-91 (2012).
  6. Terajima, T., Uchida, H., Abe, N., Yasumoto, T., Structure elucidation of Ostreocin-a and Ostreocin-E1, novel paly-toxin analogs produced by the dinoflagellate ostreopsis siamensis, using Lc/Q-Tof Ms. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 83, 381-390 (2019).
  7. Riobo, P., Paz, B., Franco, J.M., Vazquez, J.A., Murado, M.A., Cacho, E., Mouse bioassay for palytoxin. specific symptoms and dose-response against dose-death time relationships. Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 2639-47 (2008).
  8. Patocka, J., Gupta, R.C., Wu, Q.H., Kuca, K., Toxic potential of palytoxin. J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol. Med. Sci., 35, 773-780 (2015).
  9. Yasumoto, T., Chemistry, etiology, and food chain dynamics of marine toxins. Proc. Jpn. Acad. B, 81, 43-51 (2005).
  10. Madejska, A., Michalski, M., Osek, J., Marine tetrodotoxin as a risk for human health. J. Vet. Res., 63, 579-586 (2019).
  11. Boente-Juncal, A., Raposo-Garcia, S., Vale, C., Louzao, M.C., Otero, P., Botana, L.M., In vivo evaluation of the chronic oral toxicity of the marine toxin palytoxin. Toxins (Basel), 12, 489 (2020).
  12. Gemin, M.P., Lanceleur, R., Meslier, L., Herve, F., Reveillon, D., Amzil, Z., Ternon, E., Thomas, O.P., Fessard, V., Toxicity of palytoxin, purified Ovatoxin-a, Ovatoxin-D and extracts of ostreopsis cf. ovata on the Caco-2 intestinal barrier model. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 94, 103909 (2022).
  13. Artigas, P., Gadsby, D.C., Na+ /K+-pump ligands modulate gating of palytoxin-induced ion channels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 100, 501-505 (2003).
  14. Tartaglione, L., Dell'Aversano, C., Mazzeo, A., Forino, M., Wieringa, A., Ciminiello, P., Determination of palytoxins in soft coral and seawater from a home aquarium. Comparison between Palythoa- and Ostreopsis-Related inhalatory poisonings. Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 1023-1030 (2016).
  15. Honsell, G., De Bortoli, M., Boscolo, S., Dell'Aversano, C., Battocchi, C., Fontanive, G., Penna, A., Berti, F., Sosa, S., Yasumoto, T., Ciminiello, P., Poli, M., Tubaro, A., Harmful dinoflagellate ostreopsis Cf. Ovata Fukuyo: detection of ovatoxins in field samples and cell immunolocalization using antipalytoxin antibodies. Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 7051-7059 (2011).
  16. Garcia-Altares, M., Tartaglione, L., Dell'Aversano, C., Carnicer, O., de la Iglesia, P., Forino, M., Diogene, J., Ciminiello, P., The novel Ovatoxin-G and isobaric palytoxin (so far referred to as putative palytoxin) from ostreopsis cf. ovata (nw mediterranean sea): structural insights by Lc-high resolution Ms(N.). Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 407, 1191-1204 (2015).
  17. Tartaglione, L., Dello Iacovo, E., Mazzeo, A., Casabianca, S., Ciminiello, P., Penna, A., Dell'Aversano, C., Variability in toxin profiles of the mediterranean ostreopsis cf. ovata and in structural features of the produced ovatoxins. Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 13920-13928 (2017).
  18. Ciminiello, P., Dell'Aversano, C., Forino, M., Tartaglione, L., Marine toxins in Italy: the more you look, the more you find. Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2014, 1357-1369 (2014).
  19. Ciminiello, P., Dell'Aversano, C., Fattorusso, E., Forino, M., Magno, G.S., Tartaglione, L., Grillo, C., Melchiorre, N., The genoa 2005 outbreak. determination of putative palytoxin in mediterranean ostreopsis ovata by a new liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. Anal. Chem., 78, 6153-6159 (2006).
  20. Lapucci, C., Maselli, F., Chini Zittelli, G., Betti, G., Vannucchi, V., Perna, M., Taddei, S., Gozzini, B., Ortolani, A., Brandini, C., Towards the prediction of favourable conditions for the harmful algal bloom onset of ostreopsis ovata in the ligurian sea based on satellite and model data. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 10, 461 (2022).
  21. Berdalet, E., Pavaux, A.S., Abos-Herrandiz, R., Travers, M., Appere, G., Vila, M., Thomas, J., de Haro, L., Estrada, M., Medina-Perez, I., Viure, L., Karlson, B., Lemee, R., Environmental, human health and socioeconomic impacts of Ostreopsis spp. blooms in the nw mediterranean. Harmful Algae, 119, 102320 (2022).
  22. Tsikoti, C., Genitsaris, S., Review of harmful algal blooms in the coastal mediterranean sea, with a focus on greek waters. Diversity, 13, 396 (2021).
  23. Fabri-Ruiz, S., Berdalet, E., Ulses, C., Somot, S., Vila, M., Lemee, R., Irisson, J.O., Harmful ostreopsis cf. ovata blooms could extend in time span with climate change in the western mediterranean sea. Sci. Total Environ., 947, 174726 (2024).
  24. Drouet, K., Jauzein, C., Herviot-Heath, D., Hariri, S., Laza-Martinez, A., Lecadet, C., Plus, M., Seoane, S., Sourisseau, M., Lemee, R., Siano, R., Current distribution and potential expansion of the harmful benthic dinoflagellate cf. towards the warming waters of the bay of biscay, North-east Atlantic. Environ. Microbiol., 23, 4956-4979 (2021).
  25. Lejeusne, C., Chevaldonne, P., Pergent-Martini, C., Boudouresque, C.F., Perez, T., Climate change effects on a miniature ocean: the highly diverse, highly impacted mediterranean sea. Trends. Ecol. Evol., 25, 250-260 (2010).
  26. Hallegraeff, G.M., Ocean climate change, phytoplankton community responses, and harmful algal blooms: a formidable predictive challenge1. J. Phycol., 46, 220-235 (2010).
  27. Gomez, F., Claustre, H., The genus asterodinium (dinophyceae) as a possible biological indicator of warming in the western mediterranean sea. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K., 83, 173-174 (2003).
  28. Anderson, D.M., Approaches to monitoring, control and management of harmful algal blooms (Habs). Ocean Coast. Manage., 52, 342-347 (2009).
  29. Heisler, J., Glibert, P.M., Burkholder, J.M., Anderson, D.M., Cochlan, W., Dennison, W.C., Dortch, Q., Gobler, C.J., Heil, C.A., Humphries, E., Eutrophication and harmful algal blooms: a scientific consensus. Harmful algae, 8, 3-13 (2008).
  30. Chang, F.H., Shimizu, Y., Hay, B., Stewart, R., Mackay, G., Tasker, R., Three recently recorded ostreopsis spp. (dinophyceae) in New Zealand: temporal and regional distribution in the upper North Island from 1995 to 1997., N. Z. J. Mar. Freshw. Res., 34, 29-39 (2000).
  31. Kim, H.S., Yih, W., Oh, M.R., Jang, K.G., Park, J.W., Ko, Y.D., Abundance of epiphytic dinoflagellates from Jeju island during autumn 2009 revisited with special reference to the surface-to-volume ratio of substrate macroalgal species. Ocean Polar Res., 43, 99-111 (2021).
  32. Lim, A.S., Jeong, H.J., Benthic dinoflagellates in Korean waters. Algae, 36, 91-109 (2021).
  33. Seo, N., Kim, H.W., Yu, J.Y., Oh, M.J., Kim, Y.S., Jeon, Y.J., An, H.J., Enhancing the detection of cyclic imines in marine mollusks using advanced Lc/Mrm-Ms. Ocean Sci. J., 59, 40 (2024).
  34. Schulz, M., Los, A., Szabelak, A., Strachecka, A., Inhalation poisoning with palytoxin from aquarium coral: case description and safety advice. Arh. Hig. Rada. Toksikol., 70, 14-17 (2019).
  35. Hamade, A.K., Deglin, S.E., McLaughlin, J.B., Deeds, J.R., Handy, S.M., Knolhoff, A.M., Suspected palytoxin inhalation exposures associated with zoanthid corals in aquarium shops and homes - Alaska, 2012-2014. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep., 64, 852-855 (2015).
  36. Hall, C., Levy, D., Sattler, S., A case of palytoxin poisoning in a home aquarium enthusiast and his family. Emerg. Med. Case Rep., 2015, 621815 (2015).
  37. Aquino-Cruz, A., Purdie, D.A., Morris, S., Effect of increasing sea water temperature on the growth and toxin production of the benthic dinoflagellate prorocentrum lima. Hydrobiologia, 813, 103-122 (2018).
  38. Accoroni, S., Ubaldi, M., Bacchiocchi, S., Neri, F., Siracusa, M., Buonomo, M.G., Campanelli, A., Totti, C., Palytoxinanalogues accumulation in natural mussel banks during an ostreopsis cf. ovata bloom. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 10, 1402 (2022).
  39. Amzil, Z., Sibat, M., Chomerat, N., Grossel, H., MarcoMiralles, F., Lemee, R., Nezan, E., Sechet, V., Ovatoxin-a and palytoxin accumulation in seafood in relation to ostreopsis cf. ovata blooms on the french mediterranean coast. Mar. Drugs, 10, 477-496 (2012).
  40. Lee, B., Park, M.G., Distribution and genetic diversity of the toxic benthic dinoflagellate genus ostreopsis in Korea. Harmful Algae, 96, 101820 (2020).