Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Probiotics and the Role of Dietary Substrates in Maintaining the Gut Health: Use of Live Microbes and Their Products for Anticancer Effects against Colorectal Cancer

  • Yi Xu (Phase I Clinical Cancer Trial Center, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University) ;
  • Xiahui Wu (Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University) ;
  • Yan Li (Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University) ;
  • Xuejie Liu (Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University) ;
  • Lijian Fang (Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University) ;
  • Ziyu Jiang (Phase I Clinical Cancer Trial Center, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University)
  • Received : 2024.03.27
  • Accepted : 2024.07.28
  • Published : 2024.10.28
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Abstract

The gut microbiome is an important and the largest endocrine organ linked to the microbes of the GI tract. The bacterial, viral and fungal communities are key regulators of the health and disease status in a host at hormonal, neurological, immunological, and metabolic levels. The useful microbes can compete with microbes exhibiting pathogenic behavior by maintaining resistance against their colonization, thereby maintaining eubiosis. As diagnostic tools, metagenomic, proteomic and genomic approaches can determine various microbial markers in clinic for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Probiotics are live non-pathogenic microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacteria, Firmicutes and Saccharomyces that can help maintain eubiosis when administered in appropriate amounts. In addition, the type of dietary intake contributes substantially to the composition of gut microbiome. The use of probiotics has been found to exert antitumor effects at preclinical levels and promote the antitumor effects of immunotherapeutic drugs at clinical levels. Also, modifying the composition of gut microbiota by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), and using live lactic acid producing bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria and their metabolites (termed postbiotics) can contribute to immunomodulation of the tumor microenvironment. This can lead to tumor-preventive effects at early stages and antitumor effects after diagnosis of CRC. To conclude, probiotics are presumably found to be safe to use in humans and are to be studied further to promote their appliance at clinical levels for management of CRC.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Doctoral Startup Fund (BS1701) and the P roject of Jiangsu Province TCM Science and Technology Development Plan (ZT202112).

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