Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment (환경영향평가)

Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment (한국환경영향평가학회)
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A Study on the Classification of Vulnerable Areas to PM2.5 according to Urban Characteristics based on Vulnerability Assessment

취약성 평가에 기반한 PM2.5 취약지역 유형화에 관한 연구

  • Hansol Mun (Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Juchul Jung (Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University)
  • 문한솔 (부산대학교 도시공학과) ;
  • 정주철 (부산대학교 도시공학과)
  • Received : 2024.08.13
  • Accepted : 2024.10.10
  • Published : 2024.10.31
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Abstract

PM2.5, a type of fine particulate matter, poses serious health risks. Existing pollution management policies and research have generally focused on high-concentration areas. However, this approach has limitations as it does not adequately account for regional characteristics and varying levels of vulnerability, leading to an incomplete reflection of actual risks in specific areas. This study analyzed 229 administrative districts to develop a vulnerability index by comprehensively evaluating PM2.5 exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Using data from 2019, the index was calculated through normalization and entropy weighting methods, and spatial patterns of PM2.5 vulnerability were examined through LISA and K-means clustering analysis. The findings reveal that the distribution of PM2.5-vulnerable areas shows distinct patterns within urban settings, which were classified into four distinct types, each characterized by different urban features. This suggests a need for region-specific dust reduction policies. This study contributes to a better understanding of the spatial patterns of PM2.5 vulnerability and aims to support the development of more effective policy approaches.

PM2.5는 건강에 심각한 영향을 미치는 미세먼지로, 기존의 오염 관리 정책 및 연구는 주로 고농도 지역에 기반하여 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 이러한 접근법은 지역별 특성과 취약성 수준을 충분히 고려하지 못해, 특정 지역의 실제 위험을 제대로 반영하지 못하는 한계가 있다. 본 연구는 229개 행정구역을 대상으로 PM2.5 노출, 민감도, 그리고 적응 능력을 종합적으로 분석하여 취약성 지수를 도출하였다. 2019년 기준의 데이터를 활용하여 정규화와 엔트로피 가중치 방법을 통해 지수를 산출하였고, LISA 분석과 K-means 군집 분석을 통해 PM2.5 취약 지역의 공간적 패턴을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, PM2.5 취약 지역의 분포는 도시 내 특정 패턴을 보이며, 취약 지역은 네 가지 유형으로 분류되었다. 각 유형은 서로 다른 도시적 특성을 가지며, 이를 통해 지역별 맞춤형 미세먼지 저감 정책의 필요성을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 PM2.5 취약성의 공간적 패턴을 이해하고, 보다 효과적인 정책 접근 방안을 모색하는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 과제는 부산대학교 기본연구지원사업(2년)에 의하여 연구되었음.

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