Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Categorization of Factors Causing the Framing Effect and Analysis of the 2015 Revised Curriculum Science Textbooks: Focusing on Risk Expressions

틀효과 발생 요인 범주화 및 2015 개정 교육과정 과학과 교과서 분석 -위험 표현을 중심으로-

  • Hyeonju Lee (Kongju National University) ;
  • Minchul Kim (Kongju National University)
  • 이현주 (공주대학교) ;
  • 김민철 (공주대학교)
  • Received : 2024.07.11
  • Accepted : 2024.09.09
  • Published : 2024.10.31
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Abstract

The development of science and technology brings abundance and convenience to human life, but it also brings risks. The risks caused by science and technology are universal and far-reaching, affecting the lives of humans, and they are living in an uncertain VUCA era where humans cannot predict when and where they will encounter risks. In order to respond to these risks, it is necessary to increase the level of citizens' risk awareness through risk education. It is necessary to discuss the role of science education in helping citizens to judge and respond to risks scientifically and objectively. On the other hand, in the process of judging and assessing risks, citizens are affected by the frames and ways in which risk information is expressed, a phenomenon known as the "Framing Effect". In this study, we categorized the factors that cause the framing effect, and based on the categorization, we compared and analyzed the frames of risk expression presented in the 2015 revised curriculum science textbooks. For this purpose, we categorized the factors that cause the framing effect by looking at papers published in KCI and SSCI journals with keywords "Framing Effect", and extracted the risk expression texts in textbooks and analyzed them according to the categories. We were able to derive eight factors causing framing effect and categorize the relationship between the factors in a 5x5 matrix. The differences in the frequency of risk expressions by subject in the 2015 revised science curriculum were related to the nature of the subject and the achievement standards, and the differences in the frequency of risk expressions could be identified by the categories of framing and presentation methods. This study is significant in that it examines the way risk is expressed by science subjects based on the factors that cause the framing effect and suggests the importance of the framing effect in risk education.

과학기술의 발달은 인간의 삶에 풍요와 편리함을 제공함과 동시에 위험을 수반한다. 과학기술에 의한 위험은 보편적이고 파급력이 크기 때문에 시민들의 삶에 영향을 미치며, 시민들은 언제, 어디서 위험을 맞이할지 예측할 수 없는 불확실한 VUCA 시대 속에 살고 있다. 이러한 위험에 대응할 수 있도록 위험교육을 통해 시민들의 위험 소양수준을 높일 필요가 있다. 시민들이 위험을 과학적이고 객관적으로 판단하여 대응할 수 있도록 과학교육의 역할에 대해 논의할 필요가 있다. 한편, 시민들이 위험을 판단하고 평가하는 과정에서 위험 정보가 제시되는 틀과 방식의 영향을 받는 틀효과(Framing Effect) 현상이 발생한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 틀효과를 발생시키는 요인들을 범주화 하였고, 범주화를 바탕으로 2015 개정 과학과 교과서에 제시된 위험표현의 틀을 비교 및 분석하였다. 이를 위해 KCI, SSCI급 저널에 게재된 논문들 중에서 Keywords가 'Framing Effect'인 논문들을 통해 틀효과를 발생시키는 요인들을 범주화하고, 교과서 내 위험 표현 텍스트를 추출하여 범주에 대응하여 분석하였다. 틀효과를 발생시키는 요인은 8가지로 도출할 수 있었으며, 요인 간의 관계를 5×5 matrix 형태로 범주화할 수 있었다. 2015 개정 과학과의 교과목별 위험 표현의 빈도 차이는 교과목의 성격과 성취 기준과 관련이 있었으며, 위험 표현의 틀과 제시 방식의 빈도 차이를 범주별로 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 틀효과 발생 요인을 기준으로 과학 교과목별 위험 표현 방식을 검토하고, 과학교육 및 위험교육에서 틀효과의 중요성을 제시하는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2022년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(NRF-2022S1A3A2A01088439)

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