Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of an Effective Method to Evaluate Resistance of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Cultivars to Fusarium Basal Rot

양파 유묘기 단계 시들음병(Fusarium Basal Rot) 저항성 검정법 개발

  • Sieun Kim (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jong-Hwan Shin (Research Institute of Climate Change and Agriculture, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Ha-Kyoung Lee (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Soo-hyun Kang (Allium Vegetables Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural & HerbalScience, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Ji-won Han (Allium Vegetables Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural & HerbalScience, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Seong-Chan Lee (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • You-Kyoung Han (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김시은 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 원예특작환경과) ;
  • 신종환 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 온난화대응농업연구소) ;
  • 이하경 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 원예특작환경과) ;
  • 강수현 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 파속채소연구센터) ;
  • 한지원 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 파속채소연구센터) ;
  • 이성찬 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 원예특작환경과) ;
  • 한유경 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 원예특작환경과)
  • Received : 2024.06.27
  • Accepted : 2024.07.18
  • Published : 2024.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Fusarium basal rot (FBR), caused by the ascomycete fungus Fusarium oxysporum, is an economically important disease of onion worldwide. The most economical and effective way to manage FBR would be the use of FBR resistant onion cultivars. This study was carried out to develop a rapid screening method for resistant onion cultivars in seedling stage. We used the F. oxysporum 19-385 isolate, which causes damping-off in onion seedlings and basal rot in onion bulbs. We optimized broth incubation and medium composition for the production of inoculum, and determined conidial concentration for the preparation of F. oxysporum infected soil. Ten commercial cultivars of onion were evaluated the seedling survival rates and heights by infected soil inoculation methods. As a result, 'K-force' was the most resistant cultivar with 97.4% of relative seedling survival rate against the pathogen, whereas 'Sunpower' was the most susceptible cultivar with 20.0% of relative seedling survival rate.

Fusarium oxysporum에 의해 발생하는 시들음병(Fusarium basal rot)은 양파 재배에서 발생하는 주요 병해 중 하나로 전세계적으로 심각한 수량 손실을 일으키고 있다. 시들음병에 대한 저항성 품종을 사용하는 것은 시들음병 발생을 억제하고 화학 농약의 사용을 줄일 수 있는 가장 효율적인 방법으로 평가받고 있다. 본 연구는 양파 유묘를 활용한 효율적인 시들음병 저항성 검정법 개발을 위해 접종원 생산을 최적화하였고, 접종원 농도에 따른 병 발생 양상을 조사하여 이병토 제작을 위한 접종원의 최적 농도를 결정하였다. 위 실험 결과를 이용하여 1×105 conidia/g의 이병토에서 시판중인 양파 10개 품종의 시들음병 저항성 정도를 확인한 결과, '케이포스'가 97.4%의 상대적 생존율을 나타내어 저항성이 가장 강했고, '선파워'는 20.0%의 상대적 생존율을 나타내어 저항성이 가장 약했다. 본 실험결과는 양파 유묘단계에서 시들음병에 대한 저항성을 검정하는데 기여할 수 있을 것이며, 추후 실험 결과를 바탕으로 양파구에서의 저항성 검정이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was carried out with the support of the Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ01667601), and supported by (2024) the RDA Fellowship Program of the National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

References

  1. Abawi, G. S. and Lorbeer, J. W. 1972. Several aspects of the ecology and pathology of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. Phytopathology 62: 870-876. 
  2. Axelrood, P. E., Neumann, M., Trotter, D., Radley, R., Shrimpton, G. and Dennis, J. 1995. Seedborne Fusarium on Douglas-fir: pathogenicity and seed stratification method to decrease Fusarium contamination. New For. 9: 35-51. 
  3. Back, C.-G., Hwang, S.-K., Park, M. J., Kwon, Y.-S., Jung, H.-Y. and Park, J.-H. 2017. Phylogenetic analysis of downy mildew caused by Peronospora destructor and a method of detection by PCR. Kor. J. Mycol. 45: 386-393. (In Korean) 
  4. Brayford, D. 1996. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. Mycopathologia 133: 39-40. 
  5. Chakraborty, A. J., Uddin, T. M., Matin Zidan, B. M. R., Mitra, S., Das, R., Nainu, F. et al. 2022. Allium cepa: a treasure of bioactive phytochemicals with prospective health benefits. Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med. 2022: 4586318. 
  6. Cramer, C. S. 2000. Breeding and genetics of Fusarium basal rot resistance in onion. Euphytica 115: 159-166. 
  7. Cramer, C. S., Mandal, S., Sharma, S., Nourbakhsh, S. S., Goldman, I. and Guzman, I. 2021. Recent advances in onion genetic improvement. Agronomy 11: 482. 
  8. Fisher, N. L., Burgess, L. W., Toussoun, T. A. and Nelson, P. E. 1982. Carnation leaves as a substrate and for preserving cultures of Fusarium species. Phytopathology 72: 151-153. 
  9. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2019. Onion Production. URL https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/ [24 August 2023]. 
  10. Ghanbarzadeh, B., Mohammadi Goltapeh, E. and Safaie, N. 2014. Identification of Fusarium species causing basal rot of onion in East Azarbaijan province, Iran and evaluation of their virulence on onion bulbs and seedlings. Arch. Phytopathol. Plant Prot. 47: 1050-1062. 
  11. Haapalainen, M., Latvala, S., Kuivainen, E., Qiu, Y., Segerstedt, M. and Hannukkala, A. O. 2016. Fusarium oxysporum, F. proliferatum and F. redolens associated with basal rot of onion in Finland. Plant Pathol. 65: 1310-1320. 
  12. Karabulut, E. and Gokce, A. F. 2022. Determination of resistance levels of some onion cultivars or inbreed lines with Fusarium testing at seedling stage. HortiS 39: 1-7. 
  13. Kim, H.-T., Park, S.-W., Choi, G.-J., Kim, J.-C. and Cho, K.-Y. 2002. Inhibitory effect of flusilazole on the spore formation of Aspergillus niger causing the onion black mold in vapour phase. Res. Plant Dis. 8: 124-130. (In Korean) 
  14. Krueger, S. K., Weinman, A. A. and Gabelman, W. H. 1989. Combining ability among inbred onions for resistance to Fusarium basal rot. HortScience 24: 1021-1023. 
  15. Labanska, M., van Amsterdam, S., Jenkins, S., Clarkson, J. P. and Covington, J. A. 2022. Preliminary studies on detection of Fusarium basal rot infection in onions and shallots using electronic nose. Sensors 22: 5453. 
  16. Lacy, M. L. and Roberts, D. L. 1982. Yields of onion cultivars in Midwestern organic soils infested with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae and Pyrenochaeta terrestris. Plant Dis. 66: 1003-1006. 
  17. Le, D., Audenaert, K. and Haesaert, G. 2021. Fusarium basal rot: profile of an increasingly important disease in Allium spp. Trop. Plant Pathol. 46: 241-253. 
  18. Mahmood, N., Muazzam, M. A., Ahmad, M., Hussain, S. and Javed, W. 2021. Phytochemistry of Allium cepa L.(Onion): an overview of its nutritional and pharmacological importance. Sci. Inq. Rev. 5: 41-59. 
  19. Mandal, S. and Cramer, C. S. 2021. Improving Fusarium basal rot resistance of onion cultivars through artificial inoculation and selection of mature bulbs. Horticulturae 7: 168. 
  20. Ozer, N., Koycu, N. D., Chilosi, G. and Magro, P. 2004. Resistance to Fusarium basal rot of onion in greenhouse and field and associated expression of antifungal compounds. Phytoparasitica 32: 388-394. 
  21. Park, S. Y., Lee, D. H., Chung, H. J. and Koh, Y. J. 1995. Gray mold neck rot of onion caused by Botrytis allii in Korea. Plant Pathol. J. 11: 348-352. (In Korean) 
  22. Ren, F., Perussello, C. A., Zhang, Z., Gaffney, M. T., Kerry, J. P. and Tiwari, B. K. 2018. Effect of agronomic practices and drying techniques on nutritional and quality parameters of onions (Allium cepa L.). Dry. Technol. 36: 435-447. 
  23. Retig, N., Kust, A. F. and Gabelman, W. H. 1970. Greenhouse and field tests for determining the resistance of onion lines to Fusarium basal rot. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 95: 422-424. 
  24. Shabir, I., Pandey, V. K., Dar, A. H., Pandiselvam, R., Manzoor, S., Mir, S. A. et al. 2022. Nutritional profile, phytochemical compounds, biological activities, and utilisation of onion peel for food applications: a review. Sustainability 14: 11958. 
  25. Sharma, S. and Cramer, C. S. 2023. Selection progress for resistance to Fusarium basal rot in short-day onions using artificial inoculation mature bulb screening. Horticulturae 9: 99. 
  26. Shin, J.-H., Lee, H.-K., Back, C.-G., Kang, S.-H., Han, J.-W., Lee, S.-C. et al. 2023. Identification of Fusarium basal rot pathogens of onion and evaluation of fungicides against the pathogens. Mycobiology 51: 264-272. 
  27. Slimestad, R., Fossen, T. and Vagen, I. M. 2007. Onions: a source of unique dietary flavonoids. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55: 10067-10080.
  28. Snyder, W. C. and Hansen, H. N. 1947. Advantages of natural media and environments in the culture of fungi. Phytopathology 37: 420. 
  29. Statistics Korea (KOSTAT). 2021. Production of Barley, Garlic and Onions in 2021. URL http://kostat.go.kr/portal/eng/pressReleases/ [24 August 2023]. 
  30. Straley, E., Colcol Marzu, J. and Havey, M. J. 2021. Genetic analyses of resistance to Fusarium basal rot in onion. Horticulturae 7: 538. 
  31. Taylor, A., Vagany, V., Barbara, D. J., Thomas, B., Pink, D. A. C., Jones, J. E. et al. 2013. Identification of differential resistance to six Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae isolates in commercial onion cultivars through the development of a rapid seedling assay. Plant Pathol. 62: 103-111. 
  32. Walker, J. C. and Tims, E. C. 1924. A Fusarium bulb rot of onion and the relation of environment to its development. J. Agric. Res. 28: 683-694.