International Journal of Stem Cells

Korean Society for Stem Cell Research (한국줄기세포학회)
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Navigating the Landscape of Intestinal Regeneration: A Spotlight on Quiescence Regulation and Fetal Reprogramming

  • Su-Jeong Oh (Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Yoojin Seo (Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Hyung-Sik Kim (Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2023.11.06
  • Accepted : 2024.01.02
  • Published : 2024.08.30
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Abstract

Tissue-specific adult stem cells are pivotal in maintaining tissue homeostasis, especially in the rapidly renewing intestinal epithelium. At the heart of this process are leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5-expressing crypt base columnar cells (CBCs) that differentiate into various intestinal epithelial cells. However, while these CBCs are vital for tissue turnover, they are vulnerable to cytotoxic agents. Recent advances indicate that alternative stem cell sources drive the epithelial regeneration post-injury. Techniques like lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing, combined with in vitro organoid systems, highlight the remarkable cellular adaptability of the intestinal epithelium during repair. These regenerative responses are mediated by the reactivation of conserved stem cells, predominantly quiescent stem cells and revival stem cells. With focus on these cells, this review unpacks underlying mechanisms governing intestinal regeneration and explores their potential clinical applications.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a 2-Year Research Grant of Pusan National University.

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