Informatization Policy (정보화정책)

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Legal Issues and Regulatory Discussions in Generative AI

생성형 AI의 법적 문제와 규제 논의 동향

  • Received : 2024.08.12
  • Accepted : 2024.09.04
  • Published : 2024.09.30
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Abstract

This paper summarizes the legal problems and issues raised in relation to generative AI. In addition, we looked at what regulatory discussions individual countries or international organizations have in order to solve or respond to these issues or to minimize the risks posed by generative AI. Infringement of individual basic rights raised by generative AI, the emergence and control of new crimes, monopolization of specific markets and environmental issues are mainly discussed, and although there are some differences in the necessity and direction of regulation, most countries seem to have similar views. Regarding AI, the issues that are currently being raised have been discussed continuously from the beginning of its appearance. Although certain issues have been discussed relatively much, there are some differences between countries, and situations that require consideration of phenomena different from the past are emerging. It seems that regulations and policies are being refined according to the situation of individual countries. In a situation where various issues are rapidly emerging and changing, measures to minimize the risk of AI and to enjoy the utility and benefits of AI through the use of safe AI should be sought. It will be necessary to continuously identify and analyze international trends and reorganize AI-related regulations and detailed policies suitable for Korea.

본 논문은 생성형 AI와 관련하여 제기되는 법적 문제점과 쟁점들을 정리한 것이다. 그리고 이러한 쟁점을 해결하거나 대응하기 위하여 혹은 생성형 AI가 제기하는 위험성을 최소화하기 위하여 개별 국가 또는 국제기구 등은 어떠한 규제적 논의들을 하고 있는지에 대하여 살펴보았다. 생성형 AI로 인해 제기되는 개인의 기본권 침해 문제, 새로운 범죄의 등장과 통제가능성, 특정 시장의 독점화 문제와 환경 문제 등이 주로 논의되고 있고, 규제의 필요성과 방향성에 대해 약간의 차이는 있지만 대부분의 국가들이 유사한 시각을 지니고 있는 것으로 보인다. AI와 관련하여서는 등장 초기부터 현재 제기되고 있는 문제들이 지속적으로 논의되어 왔었다. 특정 쟁점들은 상대적으로 많은 논의가 이루어졌지만 국가별로 조금씩 차이가 존재하기도 하고 과거와 다른 현상에 대한 고려가 필요한 상황들도 생겨나고 있다. 개별 국가의 상황에 맞추어 규제와 정책 등을 세밀화하고 있는 것으로 보인다. 다양한 쟁점들이 빠르게 등장하고 변화하는 상황에서, AI의 위험성을 최소화하고 안전한 AI의 활용을 통해 AI로 인한 효용과 이익을 향유하기 위한 방안들을 모색하여야 할 것이다. 국제적인 동향을 지속적으로 파악 및 분석하면서 국내에 적합한 AI 관련 규제와 세부 정책 등을 정비하는 것이 필요할 것이다.

Keywords

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